Abstract Why are there few reliable deception cues and why is deception detection a challenge? These questions are related and have puzzled social scientists, leading to few universal truths about the relationship between deception and communication behavior. This article reviews existing theories to suggest how deceptive discourse production actually occurs, which can lead to a better understanding of deception production and detection processes. Crucial components of a deception — lie-truth base-rates, deception expectations, and goals — are largely overlooked in most theories and primary studies, but are integrated in this paper through a deception faucet metaphor. The metaphor describes deceptive discourse production as violations of conversational maxims (Quantity, Quality, Manner, Relation) and reflected by characteristics that change across deceptions. Considerations for theory and application are suggested.

中文翻译：

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欺骗水龙头：将欺骗及其检测概念化的隐喻

摘要 为什么很少有可靠的欺骗线索，为什么欺骗检测是一个挑战？这些问题是相关的，并让社会科学家感到困惑，导致关于欺骗和沟通行为之间关系的普遍真理很少。本文回顾了现有的理论，以表明欺骗性话语的产生实际上是如何发生的，从而可以更好地理解欺骗性的产生和检测过程。欺骗的关键组成部分——谎言真相基础率、欺骗预期和目标——在大多数理论和主要研究中很大程度上被忽视，但在本文中通过欺骗龙头的比喻进行了整合。这个比喻将欺骗性话语的产生描述为违反会话准则（数量、质量、方式、关系），并由在欺骗中变化的特征反映出来。建议考虑理论和应用。