Consumer interest in personalized nutrition based on nutrigenetic testing is growing. Recently, multiple, randomized controlled trials have sought to understand whether incorporating genetic information into dietary counseling alters dietary outcomes. The objective of this systematic review was to examine how incorporating genetic information into nutrition counseling and care, compared to an alternative intervention or control group, impacts dietary outcomes. This is the first of a 2-part systematic review series. Part II reports anthropometric, biochemical, and disease-specific outcomes. Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials were identified through a systematic literature search of multiple databases, screened for eligibility, and critically reviewed and synthesized. Conclusion statements were graded to determine quality of evidence for each dietary outcome reported. Reported outcomes include intake of total energy and macronutrients, micronutrients, foods, food groups, food components (added sugar, caffeine, and alcohol), and composite diet scores. Ten articles representing 8 unique randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria. Of 15 conclusion statements (evidence grades: Weak to Moderate), 13 concluded there was no significant effect of incorporating genetic information into nutrition counseling/care on dietary outcomes. Limited data suggested that carriers of higher-risk gene variants were more likely than carriers of low-risk gene variants to significantly reduce intake of sodium and alcohol in response to nutrition counseling that incorporated genetic results. Included studies differed in quality, selected genetic variants, timing and intensity of intervention, sample size, dietary assessment tools, and population characteristics. Therefore, strong conclusions could not be drawn. Collaboration between the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and professional nutrigenetic societies would likely prove valuable in prioritizing which genetic variants and targeted nutrition messages have the most potential to alter dietary outcomes in a given patient subpopulation and, thus, should be the targets of future research.

中文翻译：

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将基因检测结果纳入营养咨询和护理对膳食摄入量的影响：证据分析中心系统评价 - 第一部分

消费者对基于营养基因测试的个性化营养的兴趣正在增长。最近，多项随机对照试验试图了解将遗传信息纳入饮食咨询是否会改变饮食结果。本系统评价的目的是检查与替代干预或对照组相比，将遗传信息纳入营养咨询和护理如何影响饮食结果。这是由两部分组成的系统评价系列中的第一部分。第二部分报告人体测量学、生化和疾病特异性结果。同行评议的随机对照试验是通过对多个数据库的系统文献检索、资格筛选、严格审查和综合来确定的。对结论陈述进行分级以确定所报告的每个饮食结果的证据质量。报告的结果包括总能量和常量营养素、微量营养素、食物、食物组别、食物成分（添加糖、咖啡因和酒精）的摄入量以及综合饮食评分。代表 8 项独特随机对照试验的 10 篇文章符合纳入标准。在 15 个结论陈述（证据等级：弱到中等）中，13 个得出结论，将遗传信息纳入营养咨询/护理对饮食结果没有显着影响。有限的数据表明，高风险基因变异的携带者比低风险基因变异的携带者更有可能显着减少钠和酒精的摄入量，以响应纳入遗传结果的营养咨询。纳入的研究质量不同，选定的遗传变异、干预的时间和强度、样本量、饮食评估工具和人口特征。因此，无法得出强有力的结论。营养与营养学会与专业营养遗传学会之间的合作可能会证明在优先考虑哪些遗传变异和靶向营养信息最有可能改变特定患者亚群的饮食结果方面很有价值，因此应该成为未来研究的目标。