Abstract Evaporation-induced soil salinization will threaten the durability of engineering buildings, and it is crucial to study the coupling effect of water–heat–vapor–salt (WHVS) for anticorrosion of porous materials. To analyze the coupled system, a modified and developed WHVS transport model is proposed under the conditions that the film water transport theory, surface tension affected by salt, the filling effect of precipitated salt on soil pores, the residual volumetric air content, the effect of salt on heat transport and storage and the effect of vapor flux and thermal radiation on thermal boundary are all taken into account. The predictions are validated and analyzed by the results obtained from evaporation experiments under different boundary conditions. The data of silica sand are from the literatures ( [16, 17, 57] ), and the data of silty clay are from our laboratory test. The results indicate that the calculated water content, solute concentration, temperature and evaporation rate are in good agreement with the experimental data, especially for silty clay. For silica sand, there are some deviations in concentration and temperature, and the overall agreement is satisfied. The consistency between the simulated and measured data shows the effectiveness of proposed model and that the model can be applied successfully in soil science and groundwater hydrology and can be extended to related disciplines.

中文翻译：

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蒸发作用下非饱和土壤水-热-汽-盐输运数值模拟

摘要 蒸发引起的土壤盐渍化会威胁到工程建筑的耐久性，研究水-热-汽-盐（WHVS）的耦合效应对多孔材料的防腐至关重要。为了分析耦合系统，在薄膜水运移理论、盐分影响的表面张力、沉淀盐对土壤孔隙的充填作用、残余体积空气含量、盐对热传输和储存的影响以及蒸汽通量和热辐射对热边界的影响都被考虑在内。通过在不同边界条件下的蒸发实验获得的结果来验证和分析预测。硅砂数据来源于文献（[16,17,57]），粉质粘土的数据来自我们的实验室测试。结果表明，计算的含水量、溶质浓度、温度和蒸发速率与实验数据吻合良好，尤其是粉质粘土。对于硅砂，浓度和温度存在一定的偏差，总体符合。模拟数据与实测数据的一致性表明了该模型的有效性，该模型可以成功地应用于土壤科学和地下水水文学，并可以推广到相关学科。浓度和温度有一定的偏差，总体一致。模拟数据与实测数据的一致性表明了该模型的有效性，该模型可以成功地应用于土壤科学和地下水水文学，并可以推广到相关学科。浓度和温度有一定的偏差，总体一致。模拟数据和实测数据的一致性表明了该模型的有效性，该模型可以成功地应用于土壤科学和地下水水文学，并可以推广到相关学科。