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Drug combinations as effective anti-leishmanials against drug resistant Leishmania mexicana
RSC Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 , DOI: 10.1039/d0md00101e
Humera Ahmed 1 , Charlotte R Curtis 1 , Sara Tur-Gracia 1 , Toluwanimi O Olatunji 1 , Katharine C Carter 2 , Roderick A M Williams 1
Affiliation  

Leishmania is a parasite that causes the disease leishmaniasis, and 700 000 to 1 million new cases occur each year. There are few drugs that treat the disease and drug resistance in the parasite limits the clinical utility of existing drugs. One way to combat drug resistance is to use combination therapy rather than monotherapy. In this study we have compared the effect of single and combination treatments with four different compounds, i.e. alkylphosphocholine analogues APC12 and APC14, miltefosine (MIL), ketoconazole (KTZ), and amphotericin B (AmpB), on the survival of Leishmania mexicana wild-type promastigotes and a cell line derived from the WT with induced resistance to APC12 (C12Rx). The combination treatment with APC14 and APC16 had a synergistic effect in killing the WT while the combination treatment with KTZ and APC12 or APC14 or APC12 and APC14 had a synergistic effect against C12Rx. More than 90% killing efficiency was obtained using APC12 alone at >1 mg ml−1 against the C12Rx strain; however, combinations with APC14 produced a similar killing efficiency using APC12 at 0.063–0.25 mg ml−1 and APC14 at 0.003–0.5 mg ml−1. These results show that combination therapy can negate induced drug resistance in L. mexicana and that the use of this type of screening system could accelerate the development of drug combinations for clinical use.

中文翻译:

药物组合作为有效抗利什曼原虫对抗耐药性墨西哥利什曼原虫

利什曼原虫是引起利什曼病的寄生虫,每年有 70 万至 100 万新病例发生。治疗这种疾病的药物很少,寄生虫的耐药性限制了现有药物的临床效用。对抗耐药性的一种方法是使用联合疗法而不是单一疗法。在这项研究中,我们比较了四种不同化合物的单一和联合治疗,烷基磷酸胆碱类似物 APC12 和 APC14、米替福新 (MIL)、酮康唑 (KTZ) 和两性霉素 B (AmpB),对墨西哥利什曼原虫的存活率野生型前鞭毛体和源自对 APC12 (C12Rx) 具有诱导抗性的 WT 的细胞系。APC14和APC16的联合治疗在杀死WT方面具有协同作用,而KTZ和APC12或APC14或APC12和APC14的联合治疗对C12Rx具有协同作用。单独使用 >1 mg ml -1的 APC12 对 C12Rx 菌株的杀伤效率超过 90% ;然而,与 APC14 的组合使用 0.063–0.25 mg ml -1 的APC12 和 0.003–0.5 mg ml -1 的APC14 产生相似的杀伤效率。这些结果表明联合治疗可以消除L. mexicana诱导的耐药性 并且使用这种类型的筛选系统可以加速临床使用的药物组合的开发。
更新日期:2020-08-20
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