The paper presents an investigation of local thermal comfort of passengers in a railway vehicle. The railway vehicle model includes five different parts called modules, and each module had different properties such as passenger capacity and seating arrangement. A virtual manikin model was developed and added to the numerical model which includes convection and radiation heat transfer between the human body and the environment. The numerical simulation was conducted according to the EN 14750-1 standard describing the thermal comfort conditions for different climatic zones. Two different cases were performed for steady-state conditions. Meanwhile, measurements were taken in a railway vehicle cabin to validate the numerical simulation, and the numerical results were in good agreement with the experimental data. It is observed that the local heat transfer characteristics of the human body have significant importance for the design of an effective heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system because each module had different heat transfer and air flow characteristics. It is also shown that the thermal sensation (TSENS) index helps railway vehicle HVAC researchers to determine the reasons for discomfort zones of each occupant. Another important result is that using a single air flow channel did not meet the thermal comfort demands of all passengers in this railway vehicle. Therefore, multiple air flow channel design configurations should be considered and developed for these vehicles. Local thermal comfort models allow HVAC systems to achieve better comfort conditions with energy saving. The numerical model can be used for effective module design, including seating arrangements, to achieve better thermal comfort conditions.

本文提出了对铁路车辆乘客局部热舒适性的研究。铁路车辆模型包括五个不同的部分，称为模块，每个模块具有不同的属性，例如载客量和座位安排。开发了虚拟人体模型，并将其添加到包含人体与环境之间的对流和辐射热传递的数值模型中。根据EN 14750-1标准进行了数值模拟，描述了不同气候区域的热舒适条件。在稳态条件下执行了两种不同的情况。同时，在铁路机舱内进行了测量，以验证数值模拟结果，数值结果与实验数据吻合良好。可以观察到，人体的局部传热特性对于有效的供暖，通风和空调（HVAC）系统的设计非常重要，因为每个模块具有不同的传热和气流特性。还表明，热感（TSENS）指数有助于铁路车辆HVAC研究人员确定每个乘员感到不适的原因。另一个重要的结果是，使用单个气流通道不能满足该铁路车辆中所有乘客的热舒适性要求。因此，应该为这些车辆考虑并开发多种气流通道设计配置。本地热舒适模型使HVAC系统能够在节能的情况下达到更好的舒适条件。