Background. A functional interplay between BAs and microbial composition in gut is a well-documented phenomenon. In bile, this phenomenon is far less studied, and with this report, we describe the interactions between the BAs and microbiota in this complex biological matrix. Methodology. Thirty-seven gallstone disease patients of which twenty-one with Opisthorchis felineus infection were enrolled in the study. The bile samples were obtained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease operative treatment. Common bile acid composition was measured by LC-MS/MS. Gallbladder microbiota were previously analyzed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing on Illumina MiSeq platform. The associations between bile acid composition and microbiota were analyzed. Results. Bile acid signature and Opisthorchis felineus infection status exert influence on beta-diversity of bile microbial community. Direct correlations were found between taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid concentrations, and alpha-diversity of bile microbiota. Taurocholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid both show positive associations with the presence of Chitinophagaceae family, Microbacterium and Lutibacterium genera, and Prevotella intermedia. Also, direct associations were identified for taurocholic acid concentration and the presence of Actinomycetales and Bacteroidales orders, Lautropia genus, Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae as well as for taurochenodeoxycholic acid and Acetobacteraceae family and Sphingomonas genus. There were no differences in bile acid concentrations between O. felineus-infected and noninfected patients. Conclusions/Significance. Associations between diversity, taxonomic profile of bile microbiota, and bile acid levels were evidenced in patients with cholelithiasis. Increase of taurochenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid concentration correlates with bile microbiota alpha-diversity and appearance of opportunistic pathogens.

中文翻译：

---

胆石症中的胆道微生物群和胆汁酸成分。

背景。BAs 和肠道中微生物组成之间的功能相互作用是一个有据可查的现象。在胆汁中，这种现象的研究要少得多，在这份报告中，我们描述了这种复杂生物基质中 BA 和微生物群之间的相互作用。方法论。37 名胆结石病患者，其中 21 名患有Opisthorchis felineus感染被纳入研究。胆汁样本是在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中获得的，用于胆结石病的手术治疗。通过LC-MS/MS测量胆汁酸组成。之前在 Illumina MiSeq 平台上使用 16S rRNA 基因测序分析了胆囊微生物群。分析了胆汁酸成分与微生物群之间的关联。结果. 胆汁酸特征和Opisthorchis felineus感染状态对胆汁微生物群落的β多样性有影响。在牛磺胆酸、牛磺鹅去氧胆酸浓度和胆汁微生物群的α多样性之间发现了直接相关性。牛磺胆酸和牛磺鹅去氧胆酸都与甲壳素科、微杆菌属和 Lutibacterium 属以及 Prevotella intermedia 的存在呈正相关。此外，还发现牛磺胆酸浓度与放线菌目和拟杆菌目、Lautropia 属、Jeotgalicoccus pyrophilus 和副流感嗜血杆菌以及牛磺鹅去氧胆酸和醋酸杆菌科和鞘氨醇单胞菌属的存在直接相关。O. felineus-之间的胆汁酸浓度没有差异感染者和非感染者。结论/意义。在胆石症患者中证实了多样性、胆汁微生物群的分类学特征和胆汁酸水平之间的关联。牛磺鹅去氧胆酸和牛磺胆酸浓度的增加与胆汁微生物群的α多样性和机会性病原体的出现相关。