Objectives. To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound- (CEUS-) guided contrast injection via an endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) tube on the evaluation for residual stones in common bile duct (CBD). Methods. 116 patients with CBD stones were treated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and duodenoscopic sphincterotomy incision surgery and ENBD. The US group consisted of 54 patients who underwent US-guided saline injection via the ENBD tube to evaluate for residual CBD stones. The CEUS group consisted of 62 patients who underwent CEUS-guided contrast injection via the ENBD tube to evaluate for residual CBD stones. The length and width of CBD and the detection rate of residual stones before and after NS injection were compared. Results. In both the US group and the CEUS group, the rate of complete demonstration and the average length and width of CBD before and after injection of NS were all increased significantly. In the US group, 6 patients had verified residual stones, 1 of which was detected by conventional US (detection rate, 1/6), 5 of which were detected by saline injection ultrasound (detection rate, 5/6), and 4 of which were detected by ENBD cholangiography (detection rate, 4/6). There was 1 false positive result on saline injection US and 2 false positives on ENBD cholangiography. In the CEUS group, 6 patients had verified residual stones, none of which were detected by conventional US (detection rate, 0/6), all of which were detected by saline injection CEUS (detection rate, 6/6), and 4 of which were detected by ENBD cholangiography (detection rate, 4/6). There was 1 false positive result on ENBD cholangiography. Conclusions. CEUS-guided contrast injection via an ENBD tube helps to provide clear observation of residual stones in the CBD after ERCP with EST and provides comprehensive information for follow-up.

中文翻译：

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经内镜下鼻胆管引流管超声引导下造影剂注射在诊断残余胆总管结石中的价值。

目标。探讨超声造影（CEUS）引导下经鼻内镜鼻胆引流（ENBD）管注射造影剂对评估胆总管（CBD）残留结石的诊断价值。方法。116 例 CBD 结石患者接受内镜逆行胰胆管造影和十二指肠镜括约肌切开术和 ENBD 治疗。美国组由 54 名患者组成，他们通过 ENBD 管在超声引导下注射盐水以评估残留的 CBD 结石。CEUS 组由 62 名患者组成，他们通过 ENBD 管接受了 CEUS 引导下的对比剂注射，以评估残留的 CBD 结石。比较注射NS前后CBD的长宽及残留结石的检出率。结果. 在美国组和CEUS组中，NS注射前后CBD的完全示范率和平均长度和宽度均显着增加。US组有6例经证实有残余结石，其中常规超声检出1例（检出率1/6），盐水注射超声检出5例（检出率5/6），常规超声检出5例（检出率5/6）。 ENBD胆管造影检测（检出率，4/6）。US 盐水注射假阳性 1 例，ENBD 胆管造影假阳性 2 例。CEUS组有6例经证实残留结石，常规超声均未检出（检出率0/6），均经生理盐水注射CEUS检出（检出率6/6），4例ENBD胆管造影检测（检出率，4/6）。结论。通过 ENBD 管进行 CEUS 引导的对比剂注射有助于在 ERCP 和 EST 后清晰地观察 CBD 中的残留结石，并为随访提供全面的信息。