We consider sender-receiver games, where the sender and the receiver are two distinct nodes in a communication network. Communication between the sender and the receiver is thus indirect. We ask when it is possible to robustly implement the equilibrium outcomes of the direct communication game as equilibrium outcomes of indirect communication games on the network. Robust implementation requires that: (i) the implementation is independent of the preferences of the intermediaries and (ii) the implementation is guaranteed at all histories consistent with unilateral deviations by the intermediaries. Robust implementation of direct communication is possible if and only if either the sender and receiver are directly connected or there exist two disjoint paths between the sender and the receiver.

中文翻译：

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网络上的稳健通信

我们考虑发送方-接收方博弈，其中发送方和接收方是通信网络中的两个不同节点。因此，发送方和接收方之间的通信是间接的。我们询问何时可以将直接通信博弈的均衡结果稳健地实现为网络上间接通信博弈的均衡结果。稳健的实施要求：(i) 实施独立于中介机构的偏好；(ii) 在与中介机构单方面偏离一致的所有历史记录中都保证实施。当且仅当发送方和接收方直接连接或者发送方和接收方之间存在两条不相交的路径时，直接通信的稳健实现才是可能的。