Ages and thermal luminosities of neutron stars, inferred from observations, can be interpreted with the aid of the neutron star cooling theory to gain information on the properties of superdense matter in neutron-star interiors. We present a survey of estimated ages, surface temperatures and thermal luminosities of middle-aged neutron stars with relatively weak or moderately strong magnetic fields, which can be useful for these purposes. The catalogue includes results selected from the literature, supplemented with new results of spectral analysis of a few cooling neutron stars. The data are compared with the theory. We show that overall agreement of theoretical cooling curves with observations improves substantially for models where neutron superfluidity in stellar core is weak.

中文翻译：

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冷却中子星的热光度

从观测中推断出的中子星的年龄和热光度可以借助中子星冷却理论进行解释，以获得有关中子星内部超致密物质特性的信息。我们对磁场相对较弱或中等强度的中年中子星的估计年龄、表面温度和热光度进行了调查，这对这些目的很有用。该目录包括从文献中选择的结果，并补充了一些冷却中子星的光谱分析的新结果。将数据与理论进行比较。我们表明，对于恒星核心中中子超流性较弱的模型，理论冷却曲线与观测值的总体一致性大大提高。