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Improve alignment of research policy and societal values
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 , DOI: 10.1126/science.abb3415
Peter Novitzky 1 , Michael J Bernstein 2 , Vincent Blok 1 , Robert Braun 3 , Tung Tung Chan 4 , Wout Lamers 4 , Anne Loeber 5 , Ingeborg Meijer 4 , Ralf Lindner 6 , Erich Griessler 3
Affiliation  

The EU promotes Responsible Research and Innovation in principle, but implementation leaves much to be desired Historically, scientific and engineering expertise has been key in shaping research and innovation (R&I) policies, with benefits presumed to accrue to society more broadly over time (1). But there is persistent and growing concern about whether and how ethical and societal values are integrated into R&I policies and governance, as we confront public disbelief in science and political suspicion toward evidence-based policy-making (2). Erosion of such a social contract with science limits the ability of democratic societies to deal with challenges presented by new, disruptive technologies, such as synthetic biology, nanotechnology, genetic engineering, automation and robotics, and artificial intelligence. Many policy efforts have emerged in response to such concerns, one prominent example being Europe's Eighth Framework Programme, Horizon 2020 (H2020), whose focus on “Responsible Research and Innovation” (RRI) provides a case study for the translation of such normative perspectives into concrete policy action and implementation. Our analysis of this H2020 RRI approach suggests a lack of consistent integration of elements such as ethics, open access, open innovation, and public engagement. On the basis of our evaluation, we suggest possible pathways for strengthening efforts to deliver R&I policies that deepen mutually beneficial science and society relationships.

中文翻译:

提高研究政策和社会价值观的一致性

欧盟原则上促进负责任的研究和创新,但实施仍有许多不足之处 从历史上看,科学和工程专业知识一直是制定研究和创新 (R&I) 政策的关键,据推测,随着时间的推移,社会将获得更广泛的利益 (1) . 但是,当我们面临公众对科学的不信任和对循证决策的政治怀疑时,人们对道德和社会价值观是否以及如何融入 R&I 政策和治理的担忧日益增加 (2)。这种与科学的社会契约的侵蚀限制了民主社会应对新的颠覆性技术带来的挑战的能力,例如合成生物学、纳米技术、基因工程、自动化和机器人技术以及人工智能。为应对此类担忧,出现了许多政策努力,一个突出的例子是欧洲的第八个框架计划,地平线 2020 (H2020),其重点关注“负责任的研究与创新”(RRI),为将此类规范性观点转化为案例研究提供了一个案例研究。具体的政策行动和实施。我们对这种 H2020 RRI 方法的分析表明,缺乏对道德、开放获取、开放创新和公众参与等要素的一致整合。根据我们的评估,我们提出了可能的途径,以加强努力实施 R&I 政策,深化互利的科学和社会关系。其对“负责任的研究与创新”(RRI)的关注为将此类规范观点转化为具体的政策行动和实施提供了一个案例研究。我们对这种 H2020 RRI 方法的分析表明,缺乏对道德、开放获取、开放创新和公众参与等要素的一致整合。根据我们的评估,我们建议可能的途径来加强努力,以实现深化互利的科学和社会关系的 R&I 政策。其对“负责任的研究与创新”(RRI)的关注为将此类规范观点转化为具体的政策行动和实施提供了一个案例研究。我们对这种 H2020 RRI 方法的分析表明,缺乏对道德、开放获取、开放创新和公众参与等要素的一致整合。根据我们的评估,我们建议可能的途径来加强努力,以实现深化互利的科学和社会关系的 R&I 政策。
更新日期:2020-07-02
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