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Oxytocin Differentially Modulates Amygdala Responses during Top-Down and Bottom-Up Aversive Anticipation.
Advanced Science ( IF 15.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001077
Fei Xin 1 , Xinqi Zhou 1 , Debo Dong 1 , Zhongbo Zhao 1 , Xi Yang 1 , Qianqian Wang 1 , Yan Gu 2 , Keith M Kendrick 1 , Antao Chen 2 , Benjamin Becker 1
Affiliation  

The ability to successfully regulate negative emotions such as fear and anxiety is vital for mental health. Intranasal administration of the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) has been shown to reduce amygdala activity but to increase amygdala–prefrontal cortex connectivity during exposure to threatening stimuli suggesting that it may act as an important modulator of emotion regulation. The present randomized, between‐subject, placebo‐controlled pharmacological study combines the intranasal administration of OXT with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an explicit emotion regulation paradigm in 65 healthy male participants to investigate the modulatory effects of OXT on both bottom‐up and top‐down emotion regulation. OXT attenuates the activation in the posterior insular cortex and amygdala during anticipation of top‐down regulation of predictable threat stimuli in participants with high trait anxiety. In contrast, OXT enhances amygdala activity during the bottom‐up anticipation of unpredictable threat stimuli in participants with low trait anxiety. OXT may facilitate top‐down goal‐directed attention by attenuating amygdala activity in high anxiety individuals, while promoting bottom‐up attention/vigilance to unexpected threats by enhancing amygdala activity in low anxiety individuals. OXT may thus have the potential to promote an adaptive balance between bottom‐up and top‐down attention systems depending on an individual's trait anxiety level.

中文翻译:

催产素在自上而下和自下而上的厌恶预期中差异性地调节杏仁核反应。

成功调节负面情绪(如恐惧和焦虑)的能力对于心理健康至关重要。经鼻内施用神经肽催产素(OXT)可以减少杏仁核的活动,但在暴露于刺激性刺激的过程中可以增加杏仁核-前额叶皮层的连接性,表明它可能是情绪调节的重要调节剂。目前的一项随机,安慰剂对照的药理研究在65位健康男性参与者的显式情绪调节模式中将OXT的鼻内给药与功能磁共振成像(fMRI)相结合,以研究OXT对自下而上的调节作用以及自上而下的情绪调节。预期高特质焦虑参与者的自上而下调节可预测的威胁刺激过程中,OXT减弱了后岛岛皮层和杏仁核的激活。相比之下,OXT在自下而上预期低特质焦虑参与者的威胁刺激期间增强杏仁核活动。OXT可以通过减轻高焦虑个体的杏仁核活动来促进自上而下的目标定向注意,而通过增强低焦虑个体的杏仁核活动来促进自下而上的注意/警惕意外威胁。因此,根据个人的特质焦虑水平,OXT可能具有促进自下而上和自上而下的注意系统之间的适应性平衡的潜力。自下而上预期低特质焦虑参与者的威胁刺激期间,OXT增强杏仁核活动。OXT可以通过减轻高焦虑个体的杏仁核活动来促进自上而下的目标定向注意,而通过增强低焦虑个体的杏仁核活动来促进自下而上的注意/警惕意外威胁。因此,根据个人的特质焦虑水平,OXT可能具有促进自下而上和自上而下的注意系统之间的适应性平衡的潜力。自下而上预期低特质焦虑参与者的威胁刺激期间,OXT增强杏仁核活动。OXT可以通过减轻高焦虑个体的杏仁核活动来促进自上而下的目标定向注意,而通过增强低焦虑个体的杏仁核活动来促进自下而上的注意/警惕意外威胁。因此,根据个人的特质焦虑水平,OXT可能具有促进自下而上和自上而下的注意系统之间的适应性平衡的潜力。同时通过增强低焦虑症个体的杏仁核活动,促进自下而上的注意力/对意外威胁的警惕。因此,根据个人的特质焦虑水平,OXT可能具有促进自下而上和自上而下的注意系统之间的适应性平衡的潜力。同时通过增强低焦虑症个体的杏仁核活动,促进自下而上的注意力/对意外威胁的警惕。因此,根据个人的特质焦虑水平,OXT可能具有促进自下而上和自上而下的注意系统之间的适应性平衡的潜力。
更新日期:2020-08-19
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