This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of culture filtrate dependent subpopulations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a prospective cohort study following 17 patients through a standard 6-month anti-tuberculosis regimen, performing monthly sputum collection. We performed the limiting dilution method with culture filtrate supplementation of liquid media in pre- and post-treatment sputum samples to assess the bacillary load and to evaluate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis subpopulation dynamics within the 6-months standard anti-tuberculosis regimen. We found that supplementation increased the bacillary load by 30% in pre-treatment samples (p = 0.0005) and 35% in samples after one month of treatment (p = 0.0977). We found a weak linear correlation between the decrease of Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth in liquid media with and without culture filtrate supplementation (ρ = 0.54; p = 0.026). None of the patients had bacilli recovery after two months of treatment. Our study constitutes the first follow-up regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis subpopulation dynamics throughout a standard 6-month anti-tuberculosis treatment and also supports the use of culture filtrate to increase bacillary load in liquid media. Moreover, it highlights that any new treatment regimens should test the efficacy of the drugs in all Mycobacterium tuberculosis subpopulations.

中文翻译：

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标准抗结核治疗期间可差异培养的结核菌动态：一项前瞻性队列研究

本研究旨在在一项前瞻性队列研究中评估结核分枝杆菌培养物滤液依赖性亚群的动态，该研究对 17 名患者进行了标准的 6 个月抗结核治疗，每月进行一次痰液收集。我们在治疗前和治疗后的痰液样本中使用培养滤液补充液体培养基进行有限稀释法，以评估细菌载量并评估 6 个月标准抗结核方案内的结核分枝杆菌亚群动态。我们发现补充剂使治疗前样本的细菌载量增加了 30% (p = 0.0005)，治疗一个月后的样本增加了 35% (p = 0.0977)。我们发现添加和不添加培养滤液的液体培养基中结核分枝杆菌生长的减少之间存在弱线性相关性（ρ = 0.54；p = 0.026）。治疗两个月后，没有患者的细菌恢复。我们的研究构成了在标准 6 个月抗结核治疗中对结核分枝杆菌亚群动态的首次随访，并且还支持使用培养滤液增加液体培养基中的细菌载量。此外，它强调任何新的治疗方案都应该测试药物在所有结核分枝杆菌亚群中的功效。我们的研究构成了在标准 6 个月抗结核治疗中对结核分枝杆菌亚群动态的首次随访，并且还支持使用培养滤液增加液体培养基中的细菌载量。此外，它强调任何新的治疗方案都应该测试药物在所有结核分枝杆菌亚群中的功效。我们的研究构成了在标准 6 个月抗结核治疗中对结核分枝杆菌亚群动态的首次随访，并且还支持使用培养滤液增加液体培养基中的细菌载量。此外，它强调任何新的治疗方案都应该测试药物在所有结核分枝杆菌亚群中的功效。