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Impact of urban heat island mitigation measures on microclimate and pedestrian comfort in a dense urban district of Lebanon
Sustainable Cities and Society ( IF 10.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2020.102375
Jeff Fahed , Elias Kinab , Stephane Ginestet , Luc Adolphe

The interaction between microclimate and buildings is predominant in urban areas. Thus, the urbanization constitutes the main cause of UHI formation. During the last years, several studies exposed the critical effects of UHI in the Mediterranean climate. As a result, there is a need for sustainable systems and urban policies to reduce heat islands in urban areas. This paper aims to present the impact of some UHI mitigation strategies in a Mediterranean city, Beirut Lebanon. Numerical microclimate simulations of an existing Lebanese district of Dora in Beirut, are performed using ENVI-met software. The study focuses on the potential of UHI mitigation scenarios to create freshness in summer conditions. The strategies are based on the increase of green surfaces, on the installation of water spray and fountains, and on the increase of the albedo of the facades and roofs of the buildings. A focus is carried out on white models, dealing with the albedo modification of roads and buildings. The effect of the proposed strategies on the pedestrian comfort is also evaluated by using the physiologically equivalent temperature PET. Results pointed out that implementation of water features contributes to a significant reduction of ambient temperature reaching a maximum of 5 °C. In term of outdoor thermal comfort, the results showed the important role of green areas on the improvement of pedestrian comfort during daytime. Finally, this research supports a set of actions that could be helpful for urban designer to create cool islands in the Lebanese neighborhoods.



中文翻译:

城市热岛缓解措施对黎巴嫩稠密市区小气候和行人舒适度的影响

小气候和建筑物之间的相互作用主要集中在城市地区。因此,城市化是UHI形成的主要原因。在过去的几年中,几项研究揭露了UHI在地中海气候中的关键影响。结果,需要可持续的系统和城市政策来减少城市地区的热岛。本文旨在介绍一些UHI缓解策略对地中海城市贝鲁特黎巴嫩的影响。使用ENVI-met软件对贝鲁特多拉现有黎巴嫩地区的微气候进行了数值模拟。该研究着重于在夏季条件下缓解UHI情景创造新鲜感的潜力。这些策略基于绿色表面的增加,喷水器和喷泉的安装,以及建筑物正面和屋顶的反照率的增加。重点放在白色模型上,涉及道路和建筑物的反照率修改。还通过使用生理等效温度PET评估了所提议策略对行人舒适度的影响。结果指出,水功能的实施有助于将环境温度显着降低至最高5°C。在室外热舒适度方面,结果表明,绿化区在改善白天行人舒适度方面具有重要作用。最后,这项研究支持了一系列行动,这些行动可能对城市设计师在黎巴嫩社区创建凉爽的岛屿很有帮助。处理道路和建筑物的反照率修改。还通过使用生理等效温度PET评估了所提议策略对行人舒适度的影响。结果指出,水功能的实施有助于将环境温度显着降低至最高5°C。在室外热舒适度方面,结果表明,绿化区在改善白天行人舒适度方面具有重要作用。最后,这项研究支持了一系列行动,这些行动可能对城市设计师在黎巴嫩社区创建凉爽的岛屿很有帮助。处理道路和建筑物的反照率修改。还通过使用生理等效温度PET评估了所提议策略对行人舒适度的影响。结果指出,水功能的实施有助于将环境温度显着降低至最高5°C。在室外热舒适度方面,结果表明,绿化区在改善白天行人舒适度方面具有重要作用。最后,这项研究支持了一系列行动,这些行动可能对城市设计师在黎巴嫩社区创建凉爽的岛屿很有帮助。结果指出,水功能的实施有助于将环境温度显着降低至最高5°C。在室外热舒适度方面,结果表明,绿化区在改善白天行人舒适度方面具有重要作用。最后,这项研究支持了一系列行动,这些行动可能对城市设计师在黎巴嫩社区创建凉爽的岛屿很有帮助。结果指出,水功能的实施有助于将环境温度显着降低至最高5°C。在室外热舒适度方面,结果表明,绿化区在改善白天行人舒适度方面具有重要作用。最后,这项研究支持了一系列行动,这些行动可能对城市设计师在黎巴嫩社区创建凉爽的岛屿很有帮助。

更新日期:2020-07-02
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