In this paper, with the aim of using the solar light as an unlimited and clean source of energy, novel magnetic MgAl₂O₄-AC nanophotocatalysts with different mass percentages of activated carbon were synthesized for water purification applications. In order to synthesize the magnetic MgAl₂O₄-AC nanophotocatalysts, three different methods of combustion, sono-impregnation, and sono-solvothermal were used at different stages. Different analyses such as XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDX, BET-BJH, FTIR, DRS, PL, pHpzc, and VSM were performed to evaluate the structural, chemical and optical properties of the prepared samples. For example, BET-BJH analysis results showed that bare MgAl₂O₄ had low specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter that they would impede the entry and absorption of dye molecules. While MgAl₂O₄(90)-AC(10)(Mag) sample, due to the presence of carbon active had high specific surface area, large pore volume and pore diameter. Also, DRS analysis represented that MgAl₂O₄(90)-AC(10)(Mag) had narrower band gap energy compared to bare MgAl₂O₄. PL analysis results also revealed the decreased recombination rate of the excited electron-hole pairs in MgAl₂O₄(90)-AC(10)(Mag), due to the presence of activated carbon. Moreover, the prepared samples were examined in the solar-light-driven degradation of organic dyes. The tremendous enhanced photocatalytic activity under the simulated solar light with 96% removal of MB was observed over MgAl₂O₄(90)-AC(10)(Mag). It also degraded 80 and 70% of EY and AO7, respectively, indicating its ability to the removal of a wide range of organic dyes. Then, the effect of initial solution pH as one of the important factors on photocatalytic activity, the reusability of the best sample and its reaction kinetic were investigated. At last, MB degradation mechanism over MgAl₂O₄(90)-AC(10)(Mag) was proposed.

本文以太阳能为无限，清洁的能源为目标，合成了具有不同质量百分比活性炭的新型磁性MgAl ₂ O ₄ -AC纳米光催化剂，用于水净化应用。为了合成磁性MgAl ₂ O ₄ -AC纳米光催化剂，在不同阶段使用了三种不同的燃烧，声浸和声溶剂热方法。进行了不同的分析，如XRD，FESEM，TEM，EDX，BET-BJH，FTIR，DRS，PL，pHpzc和VSM，以评估所制备样品的结构，化学和光学性质。例如，BET-BJH分析结果表明，裸MgAl ₂ O ₄具有低的比表面积，孔体积和孔径，它们将阻碍染料分子的进入和吸收。而MgAl ₂ O ₄（90）-AC（10）（Mag）样品由于存在碳活性而具有高的比表面积，大的孔体积和孔径。另外，DRS分析表明，与裸露的MgAl ₂ O ₄相比，MgAl ₂ O ₄（90）-AC（10）（Mag）具有更窄的带隙能。PL分析结果还表明，MgAl ₂ O _4中激发的电子-空穴对的重组率降低（90）-AC（10）（Mag），因为存在活性炭。此外，在太阳光驱动的有机染料降解中检查了制备的样品。在MgAl ₂ O ₄（90）-AC（10）（Mag）上观察到在模拟太阳光下具有96％的MB去除的极大增强的光催化活性。它也分别降解了EY和AO7的80％和70％，这表明它具有去除多种有机染料的能力。然后，研究了初始溶液pH值对光催化活性，最佳样品的可重复使用性及其反应动力学的重要影响之一。最后提出了MgAl ₂ O ₄（90）-AC（10）（Mag）上的MB降解机理。