Abstract The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs), as a salinity stress modifier, was investigated on plant growth and antioxidant systems in Dracocephalum moldavica L. The results showed that the salinity causes a decrease in leaf area, length and fresh and dry weight of the shoot and root. However, foliar application of iron oxide NPs in the concentration of 60 ppm increased all aforementioned traits. Nevertheless, the interaction between iron oxide NPs and salinity was not significant on the length and weight (dry and fresh) of the shoot and root. Moreover, iron oxide NPs were not efficacious on modifying the effect of highest salinity level on the studied growth characteristics except for leaf area. Spraying the iron oxide NPs significantly increased the leaf area in the plants under salt stress conditions. Total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin content, as well as the activity of guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase enzymes were enhanced in the shoot and root of the plants treated with 100 mM of NaC1 solution. On the other hand, spraying the iron oxide NPs on the plants treated with salinity stress led to an increase in enzymes activities compared to control ones. The results revealed that using iron nano fertilizers improves the antioxidant defense in Dracocephalum moldavica L. under salinity stress.

中文翻译：

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通过在盐胁迫下应用氧化铁纳米颗粒在 Dracocephalum Moldavica L. 植物中研究酶促和非酶促抗氧化防御

摘要 研究了氧化铁纳米颗粒 (NPs) 作为盐度胁迫调节剂对 Dracocephalum Moldavica L 植物生长和抗氧化系统的影响。芽和根。然而，叶面喷施浓度为 60 ppm 的氧化铁纳米颗粒会增加上述所有性状。然而，氧化铁纳米颗粒和盐度之间的相互作用对枝条和根的长度和重量（干和新鲜）不显着。此外，氧化铁纳米颗粒在改变最高盐度水平对所研究的除叶面积外的生长特征的影响方面没有效果。在盐胁迫条件下，喷洒氧化铁纳米颗粒显着增加了植物的叶面积。总酚，用 100 mM NaCl 溶液处理的植物的地上部和根中，黄酮类化合物和花青素含量以及愈创木酚过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活性得到增强。另一方面，与对照相比，在盐胁迫处理的植物上喷洒氧化铁纳米颗粒导致酶活性增加。结果表明，在盐分胁迫下，使用铁纳米肥料可提高 Dracocephalum Moldavica L. 的抗氧化防御能力。与对照植物相比，在盐胁迫处理的植物上喷洒氧化铁纳米颗粒导致酶活性增加。结果表明，在盐分胁迫下，使用铁纳米肥料可提高 Dracocephalum Moldavica L. 的抗氧化防御能力。与对照植物相比，在盐胁迫处理的植物上喷洒氧化铁纳米颗粒导致酶活性增加。结果表明，在盐分胁迫下，使用铁纳米肥料可提高 Dracocephalum Moldavica L. 的抗氧化防御能力。