Senescent cells accumulate during aging in a variety of tissues. Although scarce, they could influence tissue function non-cell-autonomously via secretion of a range of factors in their neighborhood. Recent studies support a role of senescent cells in age-related morbidity, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular pathologies, cancers, aging-associated nephrological alterations, chronic pulmonary disease and osteoarthritis, indicating that senescent cells could represent an interesting target for therapeutic exploitation across a range of pathophysiological contexts. In this article, we review data available to indicate which cell types can undergo senescence within various mammalian tissue environments and how these processes may contribute to tissue-specific pathologies associated with old age. We also consider markers used to identify senescent cells in vitro and in vivo. The data discussed may serve as an important starting point for an extended definition of molecular and functional characteristics of senescent cells in different organs and may hence promote the development and refinement of targeting strategies aimed at removing senescent cells from aging tissues.

衰老细胞在衰老过程中会在各种组织中积累。虽然稀少，但它们可以通过非细胞自主地影响组织功能在他们的邻里分泌一系列的因素。最近的研究支持衰老细胞在与年龄相关的发病率中的作用，包括神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病、癌症、衰老相关的肾病学改变、慢性肺病和骨关节炎，表明衰老细胞可能是一个有趣的治疗目标，可用于一系列治疗病理生理背景。在本文中，我们回顾了可用于表明哪些细胞类型可以在各种哺乳动物组织环境中经历衰老的数据，以及这些过程如何导致与老年相关的组织特异性病理。我们还考虑了用于在体外和体内识别衰老细胞的标记物. 所讨论的数据可以作为扩展定义不同器官中衰老细胞的分子和功能特征的重要起点，因此可以促进旨在从衰老组织中去除衰老细胞的靶向策略的开发和改进。