The intermetallic compound U₃Si₂ has received interest in recent years for use as accident tolerant fuels in light water reactors due to its combination of high thermal conductivity, reasonably high melting point, and high uranium density compared to UO₂. Although U₃Si₂ is well characterized there are ucertainties about the remaining phases in the U–Si system which could be potential fission products of the silicide fuel. In an effort to better detail the U–Si binary phase diagram, the 44–60 at.% Si region of the U–Si phase diagram was investigated experimentally by analyzing samples with nominal compositions U/Si = 5/4, U/Si = 1/1 and U/Si = 2/3 using SEM-EDS, XRD, and high temperature time-of-flight neutron diffraction, supported by DFT calculations. Both the U/Si = 5/4 and the U/Si = 2/3 samples were composed of two phases, U₃Si₂ + USi and USi + U₃Si₅ for U/Si = 5/4 and U/Si = 2/3, respectively. Both U₅Si₄ and U₂Si₃ were found from DFT calculations to have imaginary phonon frequencies and an enthalpy of formation above the U–Si convex hull, and thus likely to be thermodynamically unstable compared to the other phases, consistent with the experimental results.

In the literature there are three different structures that are proposed for the USi phase, and for the first time, high temperature neutron diffraction measurements were collected on the compound synthesized with the U/Si = 1/1 composition to verify the correct structure. The structure of the USi phase was confirmed to be tetragonal with the I4/mmm space group from room temperature to 1100 °C. The USin crystal structure has 6 U atom sites and 8 Si atoms sites of which two are partially occupied.

金属间化合物U ₃ Si ₂由于与UO ₂相比具有高导热率，合理的高熔点和高铀密度的组合而在轻水反应堆中用作耐事故燃料而受到关注。虽然U ₃ Si ₂具有很好的特征，U-Si系统中的剩余相具有一定的不确定性，这可能是硅化物燃料的潜在裂变产物。为了更好地详述U-Si二元相图，通过分析标称成分为U / Si = 5/4，U / Si的样品，对U-Si相图的44-60 at。％Si区域进行了实验研究。 DFT计算支持的SEM-EDS，XRD和高温飞行时间中子衍射= 1/1，U / Si = 2/3。两个U / SI = 5/4和U /硅= 2/3样品由两个相组成，U ₃的Si ₂  + USI和USI + U ₃的Si ₅为U / SI = 5/4和U /硅= 2/3。U ₅ Si ₄和U ₂ Si均从DFT计算中发现₃个具有虚的声子频率和U-Si凸包上方的形成焓，因此与其他相相比，在热力学上不稳定，与实验结果一致。

在文献中，针对USi相提出了三种不同的结构，并且首次对具有U / Si = 1/1组成的合成化合物进行了高温中子衍射测量，以验证正确的结构。从室温到1100°C ，USi相的结构被确认为I4 / mmm空间群的四方体。USin晶体结构具有6个U原子位点和8个Si原子位点，其中两个被部分占据。