To investigate the deleterious ecological effects of cyanobacteria on submerged macrophytes, this study investigated the effects of different concentrations of fresh cyanobacteria (FC) and cyanobacteria decomposition solution (CDS) on an experimental group of submerged macrophytes (Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara and Myriophyllum verticillatum Linn.). The results showed that FC and CDS not only lead to decrease in biomass and significant changes in enzyme activity and chlorophyll content in tissue, but also affected the permeability of cell membranes. The extent of damage was in the order CDS > FC, and the comprehensive stress resistance of Vallisneria natans (2.994) was more than that of Myriophyllum verticillatum (2.895). In addition, semi-permeable membranes can reduce plant damage by FC and CDS, but cannot completely prevent it. FC and CDS mainly affected the relative distribution of microbial genera on the surface of aquatic plants (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CDS caused irreversible damage to plant cells and induced programmed cell death (PCD) of plants to accelerate their decline. Therefore, FC and CDS may be one of the main reasons for the decline in submerged vegetation. This study provides a scientific basis for evaluating the harmful effects of cyanobacteria on submerged macrophytes.

为了研究蓝细菌对沉水大型植物的有害生态影响，本研究调查了不同浓度的新鲜蓝细菌（FC）和蓝细菌分解溶液（CDS）对实验组的沉水大型植物（Vallisneria natans（Lour。）Hara和Myriophyllum）的影响。黄萎病）。结果表明，FC和CDS不仅导致生物量减少，组织中酶活性和叶绿素含量发生显着变化，而且影响细胞膜的通透性。破坏程度按CDS> FC的顺序排列，其中南香铁皮（2.994）的综合抗逆性高于黄褐藻（2.895）。另外，半透膜可以减少FC和CDS对植物的损害，但不能完全防止这种损害。FC和CDS主要影响水生植物表面微生物属的相对分布（p <0.05）。此外，CDS对植物细胞造成不可逆转的损害，并诱导植物的程序性细胞死亡（PCD）以加速其衰落。因此，FC和CDS可能是淹没植被减少的主要原因之一。该研究为评估蓝细菌对沉水大型植物的有害影响提供了科学依据。