We formulate the concept of a multi-functional energy system, called storage plant, as a possible solution to cover the variable residual load that appears in most countries after introducing renewables in the power sector. A storage plant consists of a photovoltaic power plant, a heat storage system with electric heater to transform solar power, a steam power cycle to convert stored heat to dispatchable power, a backup heating unit for the storage based on the combustion of biomass or other renewable hydrocarbons, and a gas turbine with waste heat recovery for peak loads. After explaining the storage plant concept, the paper describes a simulation model of the German power sector and its transformation from the year 2020 with roughly 40% renewable electricity share to 2040 with a hypothetic 90% renewable electricity share. Multi-indicator benchmarking over that period shows that storage plants can have a key role to achieve emission goals and at the same time sustain full supply security within the German power sector.

我们制定了多功能能源系统的概念，称为存储工厂，作为解决在电力行业引入可再生能源后大多数国家中出现的可变剩余负荷的可能解决方案。一个存储工厂包括一个光伏电站，一个带电加热器的储热系统（用于转换太阳能），一个蒸汽动力循环（用于将存储的热量转换为可调度的功率），一个备用加热单元，用于基于生物质或其他可再生能源的燃烧进行存储碳氢化合物和具有废热回收功能的燃气轮机，以达到峰值负荷。在解释了存储工厂的概念之后，本文描述了德国电力部门的模拟模型及其从2020年（占可再生电力份额约40％）到2040年假设的90％可再生电力份额的转变。