In order to accurately and quantitatively describe the influence of a building’s spatial environment on subjective human perception, this research establishes a relationship framework between the spatial environment and subjective feelings, with the goal of improving occupant satisfaction and work efficiency. In pursuit of this goal, this study presents actual scenes through virtual space and introduces a new research concept for analyzing human brain data. The researchers adopted virtual reality technology in a controlled laboratory environment to compose building simulation spaces and created immersive space perceptions in response to different scenarios. Neural signal electroencephalogram (EEG) data were obtained in the simulation space from participants wearing EEG signal acquisition caps. The experiment process was divided into two phases: scene cognition and task performance. Changes in human perception, as measured on physiological, psychological, and work efficiency indexes, were examined in three environments: open natural, semi-open library, and closed basement spaces. Based on a 32-point analysis of the EEGs of 30 subjects, researchers determined four points and one region with the most significant EEG changes after scene switching. Also, by examining the EEG rhythms in the scene cognition experiment phase, the authors identified a coupling relationship between β rhythms and total time to task completion, proving the mechanistic relationship between β rhythms and work efficiency. Finally, this research revealed a correlation between subjective perception and physiological signals by analyzing the relevance of the connection between subjective questionnaire responses and the β rhythms demonstrated in the EEG experiment, and then deducing the mechanism affecting work efficiency as influenced by different environments. The results obtained show that in the context of changes to elements of a building’s spatial environment, human work efficiency is most related to the β rhythms at several test points and the right temporal lobe region of the brain. Moreover, β rhythms are closely related to satisfaction with human spatial perception. Therefore, this research provides a more accurate set of reference information for building space design based on occupant satisfaction and physical and mental health. The methods and conclusions demonstrated here can be adopted as feedback for ways of obtaining more realistic information from human brain signals and using those data to optimize architectural space design.

为了准确，定量地描述建筑物的空间环境对人的主观感知的影响，本研究建立了空间环境与主观感受之间的关系框架，旨在提高居住者的满意度和工作效率。为了实现这一目标，本研究通过虚拟空间呈现了实际场景，并引入了一种用于分析人脑数据的新研究概念。研究人员在受控的实验室环境中采用虚拟现实技术来构成建筑物模拟空间，并根据不同的场景创建沉浸式的空间感知。神经信号脑电图（EEG）数据是在模拟空间中从戴着EEG信号采集帽的参与者那里获得的。实验过程分为两个阶段：场景认知和任务表现。在生理，心理和工作效率指标上衡量的人类感知变化在以下三种环境中进行了检查：开放式自然空间，半开放式图书馆和封闭式地下室空间。根据对30位受试者的脑电图的32点分析，研究人员确定了场景切换后脑电图变化最明显的4点和1个区域。另外，通过在场景认知实验阶段检查脑电节律，作者确定了β节律与完成任务总时间之间的耦合关系，证明了β节律与工作效率之间的机制关系。最后，这项研究通过分析主观问卷回答与EEG实验中证明的β节奏之间的相关性，揭示了主观知觉与生理信号之间的相关性，然后推论了受不同环境影响的影响工作效率的机制。获得的结果表明，在建筑物空间环境要素发生变化的情况下，人类工作效率与多个测试点和大脑右颞叶区域的β节律最相关。此外，β节律与对人类空间感知的满意度密切相关。因此，本研究为基于居住者满意度和身心健康的建筑空间设计提供了更为准确的参考信息。