The fabrication of novel porous materials remains of great interest because of their intriguing architectures, various properties, and promising applications. As typical porous materials with high crystallinity, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted continuous attention to the scientific community. However, poor stability and monotonous pore structures hinder their practical and/or advanced applications. To address these concerns, many researchers have devoted themselves to the topics of hierarchical structures and composites by the combination of different components. The present review focuses on the recent advances in MOF–silica composites, where the silica materials can be porous or nonporous. It first provides the fundamentals of porous materials, including zeolites, mesoporous silica, and MOFs, and then shifts to the fabrication of MOF–silica composites. In the following sections, the emphasis of the discussion is placed on the applications of MOF–silica composites, such as adsorption, catalysis, drug release, extraction, magnetism, and sensing. Furthermore, the applications of MOF–silica composites-derived carbon materials are also reviewed and discussed in detail. Finally, it summarizes the achievements of MOF–silica composites and gives an outlook on future research.

新型多孔材料的制造因其引人入胜的结构，各种特性和有希望的应用而仍然引起人们极大的兴趣。作为具有高结晶度的典型多孔材料，金属有机骨架（MOF）引起了科学界的持续关注。然而，差的稳定性和单调的孔结构阻碍了它们的实际和/或高级应用。为了解决这些问题，许多研究人员通过结合不同的组件致力于层次结构和复合材料的主题。本综述着重于MOF-二氧化硅复合材料的最新进展，其中二氧化硅材料可以是多孔的或无孔的。首先，它提供了多孔材料的基础知识，包括沸石，中孔二氧化硅和MOF，然后转向制造MOF-二氧化硅复合材料。在以下各节中，讨论的重点放在MOF-二氧化硅复合材料的应用上，例如吸附，催化，药物释放，提取，磁性和传感。此外，还对MOF-二氧化硅复合材料衍生的碳材料的应用进行了详细审查和讨论。最后，它总结了MOF-二氧化硅复合材料的成就，并对未来的研究提出了展望。