We examined the effects of the presence and absence of punishment on the resurgence and renewal of extinguished operant behavior with zebrafish. With resurgence, food deliveries reinforced target responding in Phase 1 was exposed to shock punishment plus extinction (PUN + EXT) versus extinction alone (EXT) while introducing alternative reinforcement in Phase 2. All contingencies were discontinued in Phase 3. With renewal, target reinforcement during Phase 1 occurred in Context A and then during Phase 2 was exposed to either PUN + EXT or EXT in Context B. All contingencies were discontinued in Context A during Phase 3. During Phase 2 for both resurgence and renewal, decreases in target responding were more rapid with PUN + EXT than EXT. During testing in Phase 3, resurgence was less following PUN + EXT than EXT. In contrast, renewal was greater following PUN + EXT than EXT but differences in response rates at the end of Phase 2 complicated the interpretation. We discuss these differences between resurgence and renewal as due to differences in learning about alternative reinforcement (resurgence) versus more general contextual changes (renewal).

中文翻译：

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灭绝期间惩罚目标反应对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）复兴和更新的影响

我们研究了惩罚的存在和不存在对斑马鱼消失的操作行为的复苏和更新的影响。随着复苏，第一阶段的食物交付强化目标响应暴露于冲击惩罚加灭绝（PUN + EXT）与单独灭绝（EXT），同时在第二阶段引入替代强化。所有突发事件在第三阶段停止。随着更新，目标强化阶段 1 期间发生在上下文 A 中，然后在阶段 2 期间暴露于 PUN + EXT 或上下文 B 中的 EXT。在阶段 3 期间，上下文 A 中的所有意外事件都停止了。在第二阶段期间，对于复兴和更新，目标响应的减少是PUN + EXT 比 EXT 更快。在第 3 阶段的测试期间，与 EXT 相比，PUN + EXT 之后的回潮更少。相比之下，PUN + EXT 后的更新比 EXT 更大，但在第 2 阶段结束时响应率的差异使解释复杂化。我们讨论了复苏和更新之间的这些差异，因为在学习替代强化（复苏）与更一般的背景变化（更新）方面存在差异。