The current study aimed to assess the effect of the dietary inclusion of leaf on growth performance, serum lipid profile, and intestinal morphometric analysis along with relative mRNA levels of growth and lipid metabolism related genes in mono-sex Nile tilapia. A total of 180 mono-sex Nile tilapias (; average body weight, 27.98 ± 0.75 g) were used. Juvenile fish were randomly allocated into three groups with three replicates in each (20 fish/tank). For 8 weeks, groups 1, 2 and 3 were fed experimental diets containing 0%, 5%, and 10 % moringa leaf powder, respectively. We observed that the dietary inclusion of moringa leaf powder at 5 % significantly improved growth performance, evidenced by an increase in final body weight and improved feed conversion ratio. Moreover, lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels were reported in fish fed the moringa containing diet compared with those fed the basal diet (0% moringa). The increased body weight was accompanied with changes in intestinal morphometric parameters, including increased villus length and width as well as the inter-villus space. In addition, the improved growth performance and hypolipidemic effect following moringa leaf dietary inclusion were associated with a relative increase in mRNA levels of growth hormone receptor ( insulin like growth factor ( lipoprotein Lipase , and fatty acid synthase (. Hence, moringa leaf powder can be included in the Nile tilapia diet as an alternative feed ingredient to promote growth and induce a hypolipidemic effect.

中文翻译：

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辣木叶粉喂养的单性尼罗罗非鱼的生长性能、血脂谱、肠道形态测量以及生长和脂质指标基因表达分析


本研究旨在评估膳食中添加叶子对单性尼罗罗非鱼生长性能、血清脂质谱、肠道形态分析以及生长和脂质代谢相关基因的相对 mRNA 水平的影响。总共使用 180 条单性尼罗罗非鱼（平均体重，27.98 ± 0.75 克）。将幼鱼随机分为三组，每组 3 个重复（20 条鱼/缸）。在 8 周内，第 1、2 和 3 组分别喂食含有 0%、5% 和 10% 辣木叶粉的实验饲料。我们观察到，日粮中添加 5% 的辣木叶粉可显着改善生长性能，最终体重的增加和饲料转化率的提高就证明了这一点。此外，据报道，与喂食基础饮食（0％辣木）的鱼相比，喂食含辣木饮食的鱼的血清胆固醇和甘油三酯水平较低。体重的增加伴随着肠道形态参数的变化，包括绒毛长度和宽度以及绒毛间隙的增加。此外，在膳食中添加辣木叶后，生长性能和降血脂效果的改善与生长激素受体（胰岛素样生长因子（脂蛋白脂肪酶和脂肪酸合成酶）的 mRNA 水平相对增加有关。因此，辣木叶粉可以包含在尼罗罗非鱼日粮中作为替代饲料成分，以促进生长并诱导降血脂作用。