Abstract Large-scale mariculture of a marine sponge requires a sustainable seed stock that can be raised artificially. To find the optimized breeding methods for Haliclona simulans juveniles, a study with three stages, starting from free swimming larvae, was performed in a field laboratory placed on a floating sea raft. In the first step, six different substrates were compared, and polystyrene plastic petri dishes were found to be the optimal substrates for settlement and metamorphosis of H. simulans swimming larvae. Then, in the second stage, 30-days growth experiments with 20 conditions were performed for the larvae settled on plastic petri dishes. The optimized devices and conditions suited for the early-stage cultivation of sponge larvae were obtained. In the final stage, a 4-months growth experiment was performed with the guidance of the optimized conditions acquired from the former stages. At the end of the experiment, the group with the highest growth rate achieved an average length of 18.44 ± 10.73 mm, and the largest juvenile length reached 33.4 mm, equivalent to a 45-folds increase in length or over 20,000-folds increase in volume when compared to the larvae that just settled. Thus, we established a feasible and low-cost sponge-larval mariculture pattern, upon which the culturing procedures can be improved and the sustainable seed stock needed for sponge large-scale culture becomes possible.

中文翻译：

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在浮式海筏上培育海绵拟绿藻幼体

摘要 海海绵的大规模海水养殖需要可人工饲养的可持续种子库。为了寻找拟绿藻幼体的优化育种方法，在放置在漂浮海筏上的野外实验室中进行了从自由游动的幼虫开始的三个阶段的研究。第一步，对六种不同的基质进行了比较，发现聚苯乙烯塑料培养皿是拟对拟南芥游动幼虫沉降和变态的最佳基质。然后，在第二阶段，对定居在塑料培养皿上的幼虫进行了 20 个条件下 30 天的生长实验。获得了适合海绵幼虫早期培养的优化装置和条件。在最后阶段，在从前阶段获得的优化条件的指导下，进行了为期 4 个月的生长实验。实验结束时，生长速度最高的那组平均身长达到了18.44±10.73毫米，最大的幼体身长达到了33.4毫米，相当于身长增加了45倍或体积增加了2万多倍与刚刚定居的幼虫相比。因此，我们建立了一种可行且低成本的海绵-幼虫海水养殖模式，在此基础上可以改进培养程序，使海绵大规模养殖所需的可持续种子储备成为可能。与刚刚定居的幼虫相比，相当于长度增加了 45 倍或体积增加了 20,000 多倍。因此，我们建立了一种可行且低成本的海绵-幼虫海水养殖模式，在此基础上可以改进培养程序，使海绵大规模养殖所需的可持续种子储备成为可能。与刚刚定居的幼虫相比，相当于长度增加了 45 倍或体积增加了 20,000 多倍。因此，我们建立了一种可行且低成本的海绵-幼虫海水养殖模式，在此基础上可以改进培养程序，使海绵大规模养殖所需的可持续种子储备成为可能。