The review summarises the trends in the development of research on the synthesis of polymethacrylimides (PMIs) and polyacrylimides by the method of intramolecular thermal imidisation of (meth)acrylic polymers. Along with the widely used industry variant of PMI foam of the ‘Rohacell’ series based on bulk copolymers of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid, intensive research on alternative variants began after 2005. This review describes the main and side reactions when using polymer precursors of different structures as well as the effect of precursor composition and structure on the properties of the resulting poly(meth)acrylimides. It has been shown that the achievements of the last 15 years provide a basis for reducing the cost of poly(meth)acrylimides which will significantly expand the areas and scale of their application.

综述了分子内热酰亚胺化（甲基）丙烯酸类聚合物合成聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺（PMI）和聚丙烯酰亚胺的研究进展。除了基于甲基丙烯酸腈和甲基丙烯酸的本体共聚物的'Rohacell'系列PMI泡沫的广泛使用的工业变体之外，自2005年以后就开始对替代变体进行深入研究。该综述描述了使用不同结构的聚合物前体时的主要反应和副反应以及前体组成和结构对所得聚（甲基）丙烯酰亚胺性能的影响。已经表明，过去15年的成就为降低聚（甲基）丙烯酰亚胺的成本提供了基础，这将大大扩展其应用领域和规模。