The nerve tissue consists of aligned fibrous nerve bundles, in which neurons communicate and transmit information through electrical signals. Hence, biocompatibility, oriented fibrous structure, and electrical conductivity are key factors for the biomimetic design of nerve scaffolds. Herein, we built a technical platform to combine electrospinning and electrospraying for preparing a biomimetic scaffold with conductivity and aligned fibrous structure. The highly aligned polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibrous scaffolds with co-sprayed collagen and conductive polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy NPs) showed good bioactivity, supplying a platform for exploring the effects of topographical guidance, fiber conductivity, and its mediated external electrical signals on neurogenesis. The results revealed that collagen-coated highly aligned PCL microfibrous scaffold induced PC12 cells oriented and elongated along the direction of fibers. In addition, the improved conductivity of PPy-coated aligned fibers and its mediated external electrical stimulation collectively contributed to the functional expression, including elongation, gene expression, and protein expression, of PC12 cells. We further demonstrated the potential mechanism where the fiber conductivity and its mediated external electrical signals resulted in the upregulation of voltage-gated calcium channel, leading to the influx of Ca²⁺, thereby activating intracellular signaling cascades, ultimately enhancing neurogenesis. This approach provides a strategy to design aligned fibrillary scaffolds with bioactive adhesion domains and electroconductivity for neural regeneration.

中文翻译：

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结合静电纺丝和电喷雾制备具有地形和电转导协同线索的仿生神经支架

神经组织由排列整齐的纤维神经束组成，其中神经元通过电信号进行交流和传递信息。因此，生物相容性、定向纤维结构和导电性是神经支架仿生设计的关键因素。在此，我们建立了一个技术平台，将静电纺丝和电喷雾相结合，制备具有导电性和排列纤维结构的仿生支架。高度对齐的聚己内酯 (PCL) 微纤维支架与共喷涂的胶原蛋白和导电聚吡咯纳米粒子 (PPy NPs) 显示出良好的生物活性，为探索地形引导、纤维电导率及其介导的外部电信号对神经发生的影响提供了平台。结果表明，胶原包被的高度对齐的 PCL 微纤维支架诱导 PC12 细胞沿纤维方向定向和伸长。此外，PPy 涂层排列纤维的电导率提高及其介导的外部电刺激共同促进了 PC12 细胞的功能表达，包括伸长率、基因表达和蛋白质表达。我们进一步证明了纤维电导率及其介导的外部电信号导致电压门控钙通道上调，导致 Ca 流入的潜在机制。PPy 涂层排列纤维的电导率提高及其介导的外部电刺激共同促进了 PC12 细胞的功能表达，包括伸长率、基因表达和蛋白质表达。我们进一步证明了纤维电导率及其介导的外部电信号导致电压门控钙通道上调，导致 Ca 流入的潜在机制。PPy 涂层排列纤维的电导率提高及其介导的外部电刺激共同促进了 PC12 细胞的功能表达，包括伸长率、基因表达和蛋白质表达。我们进一步证明了纤维电导率及其介导的外部电信号导致电压门控钙通道上调，导致 Ca 流入的潜在机制。²⁺，从而激活细胞内信号级联，最终增强神经发生。这种方法提供了一种策略来设计具有生物活性粘附域和导电性的对齐原纤维支架以用于神经再生。