ABSTRACT There is a conflict between increasing the image swath and improving the azimuth resolution in a conventional single-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system. This paper introduces a method of realizing high-resolution and wide-swath (HRWS) SAR imaging with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system based on a space-pulse phase coding (SPPC) technique, which makes it possible to discriminate and separate the echoes from multiple ambiguous range regions through coding the phases of the transmitted pulses in each spatial channel. Two coding schemes, referred to as the uniform-cyclic coding and the uniform-acyclic coding, respectively, are devised for discriminating the range-ambiguous echoes. By choosing a proper phase gradient factor, both coding schemes can be used to resolve the range ambiguities. The uniform-cyclic coding scheme presents a little better performance of the range ambiguity suppression, and the uniform-acyclic coding scheme can preserve the coherency of the range-ambiguous clutters. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed coding schemes.

中文翻译：

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基于空间脉冲相位编码的高分辨率宽幅SAR成像编码方案研究

摘要 在传统的单通道合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 系统中，增加图像条带和提高方位分辨率之间存在冲突。本文介绍了一种基于空间脉冲相位编码 (SPPC) 技术的多输入多输出 (MIMO) 系统实现高分辨率和宽幅 (HRWS) SAR 成像的方法，该方法可以区分并通过对每个空间信道中发射脉冲的相位进行编码，将来自多个模糊距离区域的回波分开。设计了两种编码方案，分别称为均匀循环编码和均匀非循环编码，用于区分距离模糊回波。通过选择合适的相位梯度因子，两种编码方案都可用于解决距离模糊。均匀循环编码方案在距离模糊抑制方面表现更好一些，均匀非循环编码方案可以保持距离模糊杂波的相干性。仿真结果证明了所提出的编码方案的有效性。