Pseudostellaria heterophylla, in the family Caryophyllaceae, is an important Chinese medicinal plant commonly used to treat various diseases in children and valued for its ornamental properties. In this study, nodal segments were obtained from wild plants and used as explants to develop an efficient micropropagation protocol for this species. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L⁻¹ 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) was the most suitable medium for inducing axillary buds and enhancing their growth, and MS medium containing 0.1 mg·L⁻¹ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was the most effective for inducing in vitro rooting. To reduce labor, time, and cost, microshoots were rooted under ex vitro conditions. Pretreatments of the shoots with 100 mg·L⁻¹ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 1 min ensured successful rooting in 86.7% of shoots. Comparison of the leaf microstructure between in vitro- and ex vitro-rooted plantlets revealed abnormal stomatal apparatus in the former. The stomatal apparatus of ex vitro plantlets were normal, although the stomatal density was reduced, which indicated that these plantlets were more likely to be able to adapt to environmental conditions in the field. We identified the optimal medium for P. heterophylla multiplication with respect to increased rooting efficiency of micropropagated shoots under ex vitro conditions. This results presented here will be helpful for agricultural cultivation of P. heterophylla.

中文翻译：

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太子参的体外再生，离体生根和叶片气孔研究

香茅科的太子参（Pseudostellaria heterophylla）是一种重要的中药植物，通常用于治疗儿童的各种疾病，并因其观赏性而受到重视。在这项研究中，节节段是从野生植物中获得的，并用作外植体，以开发该物种的有效微繁殖方案。补充有1.5 mg·L ^-1的6-苄腺嘌呤（6-BA）的Murashige and Skoog（MS）培养基是最适合诱导腋芽并促进其生长的培养基，而MS培养基中含有0.1 mg·L ^-1吲哚-3 -丁酸（IBA）对诱导离体生根最有效。为了减少劳力，时间和成本，将微芽植根于离体条件下。100 mg·L对芽进行预处理 ^-1萘乙酸（NAA）1分钟可确保成功生根于86.7％的芽中。比较 植株和离体植株叶片的叶片微结构，发现前者的气孔装置异常。 尽管降低了气孔密度，但离体苗的气孔装置是正常的，这表明这些苗更可能能够适应田间的环境条件。我们确定了关于在室外条件下微繁枝条生根效率提高的P.太子参繁殖的最佳培养基 。这里介绍的这个结果将是农业种植有用P.太子参。