In the digital era, the smart city can become an intelligent society by utilizing advances in emerging technologies. Specifically, the rapid adoption of blockchain technology has led a paradigm shift to a new digital smart city ecosystem. A broad spectrum of blockchain applications promise solutions for problems in areas ranging from risk management and financial services to cryptocurrency, and from the Internet of Things (IoT) to public and social services. Furthermore, the convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain technology is revolutionizing the smart city network architecture to build sustainable ecosystems. However, these advancements in technologies bring both opportunities and challenges when it comes to achieving the goals of creating a sustainable smart cities. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the security issues and problems that impact the deployment of blockchain systems in smart cities. This work presents a detailed discussion of several key factors for the convergence of Blockchain and AI technologies that will help form a sustainable smart society. We discuss blockchain security enhancement solutions, summarizing the key points that can be used for developing various blockchain-AI based intelligent transportation systems. Also, we discuss the issues that remain open and our future research direction, this includes new security suggestions and future guidelines for a sustainable smart city ecosystem.

在数字时代，通过利用新兴技术的进步，智慧城市可以成为智慧社会。具体而言，区块链技术的迅速采用已导致范式向新的数字智慧城市生态系统转移。广泛的区块链应用有望为从风险管理和金融服务到加密货币以及从物联网（IoT）到公共和社会服务等领域的问题提供解决方案。此外，人工智能（AI）和区块链技术的融合正在彻底改变智能城市网络架构，以构建可持续发展的生态系统。但是，这些技术进步在实现创建可持续发展的智慧城市的目标时既带来机遇，也带来挑战。本文对影响智慧城市中区块链系统部署的安全问题进行了全面的文献综述。这项工作详细讨论了区块链和AI技术融合的几个关键因素，这些因素将有助于形成可持续的智慧社会。我们讨论了区块链安全增强解决方案，总结了可用于开发各种基于区块链AI的智能交通系统的关键点。此外，我们还将讨论仍未解决的问题以及我们未来的研究方向，其中包括有关可持续智慧城市生态系统的新安全建议和未来指南。这项工作详细讨论了区块链和AI技术融合的几个关键因素，这些因素将有助于形成可持续的智慧社会。我们讨论了区块链安全增强解决方案，总结了可用于开发各种基于区块链AI的智能交通系统的关键点。此外，我们还将讨论仍未解决的问题以及我们未来的研究方向，其中包括有关可持续智慧城市生态系统的新安全建议和未来指南。这项工作详细讨论了区块链和AI技术融合的几个关键因素，这些因素将有助于形成可持续的智慧社会。我们讨论了区块链安全增强解决方案，总结了可用于开发各种基于区块链AI的智能交通系统的关键点。此外，我们还将讨论仍未解决的问题以及我们未来的研究方向，其中包括有关可持续智慧城市生态系统的新安全建议和未来指南。