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Review of heliostat calibration and tracking control methods
Solar Energy ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2020.06.030
Johannes Christoph Sattler , Marc Röger , Peter Schwarzbözl , Reiner Buck , Ansgar Macke , Christian Raeder , Joachim Göttsche

Abstract Large scale central receiver systems typically deploy between thousands to more than a hundred thousand heliostats. During solar operation, each heliostat is aligned individually in such a way that the overall surface normal bisects the angle between the sun’s position and the aim point coordinate on the receiver. Due to various tracking error sources, achieving accurate alignment ≤1 mrad for all the heliostats with respect to the aim points on the receiver without a calibration system can be regarded as unrealistic. Therefore, a calibration system is necessary not only to improve the aiming accuracy for achieving desired flux distributions but also to reduce or eliminate spillage. An overview of current larger-scale central receiver systems (CRS), tracking error sources and the basic requirements of an ideal calibration system is presented. Leading up to the main topic, a description of general and specific terms on the topics heliostat calibration and tracking control clarifies the terminology used in this work. Various figures illustrate the signal flows along various typical components as well as the corresponding monitoring or measuring devices that indicate or measure along the signal (or effect) chain. The numerous calibration systems are described in detail and classified in groups. Two tables allow the juxtaposition of the calibration methods for a better comparison. In an assessment, the advantages and disadvantages of individual calibration methods are presented.

中文翻译:

定日镜校准和跟踪控制方法回顾

摘要 大规模中央接收器系统通常部署在数千到超过十万个定日镜之间。在太阳能运行期间,每个定日镜都以这样的方式单独对齐,即整个表面法线将太阳位置与接收器上的瞄准点坐标之间的角度一分为二。由于各种跟踪误差源,在没有校准系统的情况下实现所有定日镜相对于接收器上的目标点的精确对准≤1 mrad 被认为是不现实的。因此,校准系统不仅需要提高瞄准精度以实现所需的通量分布,而且还需要减少或消除溢出。当前更大规模的中央接收器系统 (CRS) 的概述,介绍了跟踪误差源和理想校准系统的基本要求。在主要主题之前,对定日镜校准和跟踪控制主题的一般和特定术语的描述阐明了这项工作中使用的术语。各种图说明了沿各种典型组件的信号流以及沿信号(或效果)链指示或测量的相应监控或测量设备。详细描述了众多校准系统并按组分类。两个表允许将校准方法并置以进行更好的比较。在评估中,介绍了各个校准方法的优点和缺点。关于定日镜校准和跟踪控制主题的一般和特定术语的描述阐明了这项工作中使用的术语。各种图说明了沿各种典型组件的信号流以及沿信号(或效果)链指示或测量的相应监控或测量设备。详细描述了众多校准系统并按组分类。两个表允许将校准方法并置以进行更好的比较。在评估中,介绍了各个校准方法的优点和缺点。关于定日镜校准和跟踪控制主题的一般和特定术语的描述阐明了这项工作中使用的术语。各种图说明了沿各种典型组件的信号流以及沿信号(或效果)链指示或测量的相应监控或测量设备。详细描述了众多校准系统并按组分类。两个表允许将校准方法并置以进行更好的比较。在评估中,介绍了各个校准方法的优点和缺点。各种图说明了沿各种典型组件的信号流以及沿信号(或效果)链指示或测量的相应监控或测量设备。详细描述了众多校准系统并按组分类。两个表允许将校准方法并置以进行更好的比较。在评估中,介绍了各个校准方法的优点和缺点。各种图说明了沿各种典型组件的信号流以及沿信号(或效果)链指示或测量的相应监控或测量设备。详细描述了众多校准系统并按组分类。两个表允许将校准方法并置以进行更好的比较。在评估中,介绍了各个校准方法的优点和缺点。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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