Abstract The interaction of visible and near-infrared light with citrus tissues is of great importance for the design of new optical sensors for fruit quality inspection. In this study, the light propagation through citrus fruit was simulated using the Monte Carlo multi-layered (MCML) technique based on the bulk optical properties (BOP) of citrus tissues. Comparison of the diffuse reflectance profiles from MCML and from the laser scatter images confirmed the accuracy of the simulations. Simulation results indicated that most of the light was diffusely reflected or absorbed in the flavedo. Only a small fraction around 800 nm was transmitted through the three layers. Flavedo and albedo were found to contribute mostly to the diffuse reflectance spectra at 800 nm and their contributions respectively decreased and increased with source-detector distance. Although the contribution of juice vesicles increased with distance, the maximal diffuse reflectance intensity contributed by juice vesicles was located within 0.56 cm. Based on these results, the combination of the power intensity and the source-detector distance can be optimized to obtain more information about the layer of interest, which lays the foundations for designing new quality detection sensors for citrus fruit.

中文翻译：

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使用蒙特卡洛多层 (MCML) 方法模拟柑橘类水果中的光传播

摘要 可见光和近红外光与柑橘组织的相互作用对于设计用于水果质量检测的新型光学传感器具有重要意义。在这项研究中，基于柑橘组织的整体光学特性 (BOP)，使用蒙特卡罗多层 (MCML) 技术模拟了通过柑橘类水果的光传播。MCML 和激光散射图像的漫反射曲线的比较证实了模拟的准确性。模拟结果表明大部分光在flavedo中被漫反射或吸收。只有大约 800 nm 的一小部分透射过三层。发现 Flavedo 和反照率对 800 nm 处的漫反射光谱贡献最大，它们的贡献分别随着源-探测器距离的增加而减少和增加。尽管汁泡的贡献随着距离的增加而增加，但汁泡贡献的最大漫反射强度位于0.56 cm以内。基于这些结果，可以优化功率强度和源探测器距离的组合，以获得有关感兴趣层的更多信息，这为设计新型柑橘类水果质量检测传感器奠定了基础。