Abstract Toppling failure is one main failure types of anti-dip slate slopes, and is strongly affected by the mechanical properties of foliation. This study conducted a series of pull-off tests and direct shear tests on slate foliation to obtain its failure envelope, and an innovative failure criterion was accordingly proposed. The proposed failure criterion exhibits a nonlinear trend in the low normal stress range; considers both tensile and shear strengths, and has three material parameters - tensile strength T 0 , α , and β . Parameters α and β are related to the slope variation of the failure criterion. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed failure criterion on the evaluation of slope stability, it is implemented in a discrete element code UDEC and a simulation was carried out to evaluate the deformation and failure pattern of an anti-dip slate slope. The results of the UDEC analysis demonstrate that the simulated failure pattern and deformation characteristics agree with that of an actual anti-dip slate slope. The proposed failure criterion of foliation and the Mohr-Coulomb criterion are further compared in slope stability analysis. The proposed failure envelope accurately reflects the tensile strength and shear strength under low normal stress, but the Mohr-Coulomb criterion apparently overestimates the strength in this stress range. Therefore, the proposed criterion is more effective than the existing criteria in predicting the toppling failure of slate slopes.

中文翻译：

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使用创新的叶理破坏准则评估反倾板岩边坡的稳定性

摘要 倾覆破坏是反倾板岩边坡的主要破坏类型之一，受叶理力学性质的影响很大。本研究对板岩叶理进行了一系列拉拔试验和直剪试验，以获得其破坏包络线，并据此提出了一种创新的破坏准则。所提出的失效准则在低法向应力范围内呈现非线性趋势；考虑拉伸强度和剪切强度，并具有三个材料参数 - 拉伸强度 T 0 、α 和 β。参数 α 和 β 与破坏准则的斜率变化有关。为了研究所提出的破坏准则对边坡稳定性评估的有效性，它在离散单元代码 UDEC 中实现，并进行了模拟以评估反倾板岩边坡的变形和破坏模式。UDEC 分析的结果表明，模拟的破坏模式和变形特征与实际反倾板岩边坡的破坏模式和变形特征一致。在边坡稳定性分析中进一步比较了所提出的叶理破坏准则和Mohr-Coulomb准则。建议的破坏包络准确反映了低正应力下的抗拉强度和剪切强度，但莫尔-库仑准则显然高估了该应力范围内的强度。因此，所提出的准则在预测板岩边坡倾覆破坏方面比现有准则更有效。UDEC 分析的结果表明，模拟的破坏模式和变形特征与实际反倾板岩边坡的破坏模式和变形特征一致。在边坡稳定性分析中进一步比较了所提出的叶理破坏准则和Mohr-Coulomb准则。建议的破坏包络准确反映了低正应力下的抗拉强度和剪切强度，但莫尔-库仑准则显然高估了该应力范围内的强度。因此，所提出的准则在预测板岩边坡倾覆破坏方面比现有准则更有效。UDEC 分析的结果表明，模拟的破坏模式和变形特征与实际反倾板岩边坡的破坏模式和变形特征一致。在边坡稳定性分析中进一步比较了所提出的叶理破坏准则和Mohr-Coulomb准则。建议的破坏包络准确反映了低正应力下的抗拉强度和剪切强度，但莫尔-库仑准则显然高估了该应力范围内的强度。因此，所提出的准则在预测板岩边坡倾覆破坏方面比现有准则更有效。建议的破坏包络准确反映了低正应力下的抗拉强度和剪切强度，但莫尔-库仑准则显然高估了该应力范围内的强度。因此，所提出的准则在预测板岩边坡倾覆破坏方面比现有准则更有效。建议的破坏包络准确反映了低正应力下的抗拉强度和剪切强度，但莫尔-库仑准则显然高估了该应力范围内的强度。因此，所提出的准则在预测板岩边坡倾覆破坏方面比现有准则更有效。