The deformation and failure mechanism of cylindrical shells and square plate with pre-formed holes under blast loading were investigated numerically by employing the Ansys 17.0 and Ls-Dyna 971. To calibrate the numerical model, the experiments of square plates with pre-formed circle holes were modeled and the numerical results have a good agreement with the experiment data. The calibrated numerical model was used to study the deformation and failure mechanism of cylindrical shells with pre-formed circle holes subjected to blast loading. The structure response and stress field changing process has been divided into four specific stages and the deformation mechanism has been discussed systematically. The local and global deformation curves, degree of damage, change of stress status and failure modes of cylindrical shell and square plate with pre-formed circular holes are obtained, compared and analyzed, it can be concluded as: (1) The transition of tensile stress fields is due to the geometrical characteristic of pre-formed holes and cylindrical shell with arch configuration; (2) The existence of pre-formed holes not only lead to the increasing of stress concentration around the holes, but also release the stress concentration during whole response process; (3) There are three and two kinds of failure modes for square plate and cylindrical shell with pre-formed holes, respectively. and the standoff distance has a key influence on the forming location of the crack initiating point and the locus of crack propagation; (4) The square plate with pre-formed holes has a better performance than cylindrical shell on blast-resistant capability at a smaller standoff distance, while the influence of pre-formed holes on the reduction of blast-resistant capability of square plate is bigger than that of cylindrical shell.

采用Ansys 17.0和Ls-Dyna 971对爆炸载荷作用下圆柱壳和预制孔方板的变形破坏机理进行了数值研究。进行了建模，数值结果与实验数据吻合良好。利用标定的数值模型研究了预制圆孔圆柱壳在爆炸载荷作用下的变形破坏机理。将结构响应和应力场变化过程分为四个具体阶段，系统地讨论了变形机制。局部和全局变形曲线，损坏程度，得到圆柱壳和带预制圆孔方板的应力状态和破坏模式的变化，比较分析得出： (1)拉应力场的转变是由于预制圆孔的几何特性造成的。成形孔和呈拱形结构的圆柱壳；(2)预制孔洞的存在不仅导致孔洞周围应力集中的增加，而且在整个响应过程中释放了应力集中；(3) 预制孔的方板和圆柱壳分别有3种和2种失效模式。间距对裂纹起始点的形成位置和裂纹扩展轨迹有关键影响；