The Heterogeneous Cellular Network (HCN) paradigm holds promise for increasing the coverage probabilities and date rates of its users. The concept of downlink and uplink decoupling (DUDe) has been extensively investigated to alleviate the load imbalance problem in HCNs. Furthermore, the dual connectivity (DC) access scheme, which allows user equipment (UE) to simultaneously connect with multiple base stations (BSs), has also been investigated for its bandwidth aggregation feature that can provide increased UE data rates. This work uses stochastic geometry to analyze the uplink spectral- and energy-efficiency gains provided in a K-tier HCN with clustered users by introducing DC jointly with DUDe access. The BSs in each tier are modeled by an independent, homogeneous Poisson point process, whereas the spatially clustered UEs are modeled by a Matern cluster process. The exact analytical expressions and the upper-bound on coverage probability, spectral and energy efficiencies of the typical user are derived. The main results demonstrate the relative advantage of using DC with DUDe relative to the cases of single connectivity (SC) with DUDe and SC with the conventional downlink reference received power-based association. Further, the results also show that clustering should be modeled with an MCP to analyze the performance of clustered-HCNs.

异构蜂窝网络（HCN）范例有望提高其用户的覆盖率和日期率。下行链路和上行链路解耦（DUDe）的概念已得到广泛研究，以减轻HCN中的负载不平衡问题。此外，还研究了允许用户设备（UE）同时与多个基站（BS）连接的双连接（DC）接入方案的带宽聚合功能，该功能可提供增加的UE数据速率。这项工作使用随机几何来分析K中提供的上行链路频谱和能量效率增益通过将DC与DUDe访问一起引入DC，使具有集群用户的HCN层级化。通过独立的同质泊松点过程对每个层中的BS进行建模，而通过Matern集群过程对空间上集群的UE进行建模。得出了准确的分析表达式以及典型用户的覆盖概率，频谱和能量效率的上限。主要结果表明，相对于具有常规下行链路参考接收功率的DUDe和SC的单连接（SC），使用带有DUDe的DC的相对优势。此外，结果还表明，应使用MCP对聚类建模，以分析聚类HCN的性能。