“Innovative actions towards a pollution free-planet” is a goal of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA). Aided by both the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) and its Global Soil Partnership under the 3rd UNEA resolution, a consensus from > 170 countries have agreed a need for accelerated action and collaboration to combat soil pollution. This initiative has been tasked to find new and improved solutions to prevent and reduce soil pollution, and it is in this context that this review provides an updated perspective on an emerging technology platform that has already provided demonstrable utility for measurement, mapping, and monitoring of toxic trace elements (TTEs) in soils, in addition to the entrapment, removal, and remediation of pollutant sources. In this article, the development and characteristics of functionalized mesoporous silica nanomaterials (FMSN) will be discussed and compared with other common metal scavenging materials. The chemistries of the common functionalizations will be reviewed, in addition to providing an outlook on some of the future directions/applications of FMSN. The use of FMSN in soil will be considered with some specific case studies focusing on Hg and As. Finally, the advantages and developments of FMSN in the widely used diffusive gradients-in-thin films (DGT) technique will be discussed, in particular, its advantages as a DGT substrate for integration with oxygen planar optodes in multilayer systems that provide 2D mapping of metal pollutant fluxes at submillimeter resolution, which can be used to measure detailed sediment-water fluxes as well as soil-root interactions, to predict plant uptake and bioavailability.

中文翻译：

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无机土壤污染研究中的功能化介孔硅纳米材料：土壤保护和先进化学成像的机会。


“以创新行动实现无污染地球”是联合国环境大会（UNEA）的目标。在联合国粮食及农业组织 (FAO) 及其全球土壤伙伴关系根据第三次联合国环境大会决议的协助下，> 170 个国家达成共识，一致认为需要加快行动和合作来应对土壤污染。该倡议的任务是寻找新的和改进的解决方案来预防和减少土壤污染，正是在这种背景下，本次审查为新兴技术平台提供了最新的视角，该平台已经为土壤污染的测量、绘图和监测提供了明显的效用。土壤中的有毒微量元素（TTE），以及污染物源的截留、去除和修复。在本文中，将讨论功能化介孔二氧化硅纳米材料（FMSN）的发展和特性，并与其他常见的金属清除材料进行比较。除了对 FMSN 的一些未来方向/应用进行展望之外，还将对常见功能化的化学成分进行审查。将通过一些针对汞和砷的具体案例研究来考虑 FMSN 在土壤中的使用。最后，将讨论 FMSN 在广泛使用的薄膜扩散梯度 (DGT) 技术中的优势和发展，特别是其作为 DGT 基板的优势，用于与多层系统中的氧平面光极集成，提供二维映射亚毫米分辨率的金属污染物通量，可用于测量详细的沉积物-水通量以及土壤-根系相互作用，以预测植物吸收和生物利用度。