Engineered cementitious composites (ECCs) possessing strain-hardening behavior have been developed utilizing supplementary cementitious materials and fibers. The developed ECCs exhibit excellent performance in terms of mechanical and thermal properties and are highly durable. However, the latest trend is to use industrial waste materials (IWMs), as alkali-activated materials, in the development of ECCs. In this paper, a state-of-the-art review on the development of sustainable-ECCs utilizing IWMs is presented. The formulations of binders and fibers, used in the production of ECCs, are described. The effect of mixture composition on the mechanical properties, such as compressive and tensile strength, and durability of ECCs is discussed. In addition, the importance of micromechanics modeling for producing a strain-hardened ECC is presented. Further, the engineering applications of ECCs in structural and repair fields are discussed along with suggestions for future research.

利用辅助胶结材料和纤维，已开发出具有应变硬化性能的工程胶结复合材料（ECCs）。已开发的ECC在机械和热性能方面均表现出出色的性能，并且非常耐用。但是，最新趋势是在ECC的开发中使用工业废料（IWM）作为碱活化材料。本文介绍了利用IWM开发可持续ECC的最新技术。描述了用于生产ECC的粘合剂和纤维的配方。讨论了混合物组成对机械性能（如抗压强度和拉伸强度）以及ECC耐久性的影响。此外，提出了微机械建模对产生应变硬化ECC的重要性。进一步，