Powered by the mutual developments in instrumentation, materials and theoretical descriptions, sensing and imaging capabilities of quantum emitters in solids have significantly increased in the past two decades. Quantum emitters in solids, whose properties resemble those of atoms and ions, provide alternative ways to probing natural and artificial nanoscopic systems with minimum disturbance and ultimate spatial resolution. Among those emerging quantum emitters, the nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center in diamond is an outstanding example due to its intrinsic properties at room temperature (highly-luminescent, photo-stable, biocompatible, highly-coherent spin states). This review article summarizes recent advances and achievements in using NV centers within nano- and single crystal diamonds in sensing and imaging. We also highlight prevalent challenges and material aspects for different types of diamond and outline the main parameters to consider when using color centers as sensors...

中文翻译：

---

基于单晶金刚石和纳米金刚石中氮空位中心的纳米级传感：成就和挑战

在仪器，材料和理论描述的共同发展的推动下，固体中的量子发射器的传感和成像能力在过去二十年中得到了显着提高。固体的量子发射器（其性质类似于原子和离子的性质）提供了以最小的干扰和最终的空间分辨率探测天然和人工纳米系统的替代方法。在那些新兴的量子发射器中，钻石中的氮空位（NV）色心因其在室温下的固有特性（高发光，光稳定，生物相容性，高相干自旋态）而成为杰出的例子。这篇综述文章总结了在传感和成像中在纳米和单晶金刚石中使用NV中心的最新进展和成就。