Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are commonly used in regenerative medicine. Among different tissues, iliac crest bone marrow (BM) represents the most exploited source, but its disadvantages are a painful aspiration procedure and low cell number. An alternative, readily available source of MSC for research would be beneficial for regenerative medicine development. This work aimed to propose a new source of bone marrow isolation in which the femoral shaft is taken during total hip arthroplasty (THA). In preliminary experiments, three different gradient methods for cell separation (Ficoll-Paque 1.078 g/mL, 17% sucrose gradient, BM seeding fraction) were tested with regard to the time of primary culture, initial cell number, the phenotype, and morphology of MSC. Then human bone marrow MSC derived from two different sources, iliac crest aspirate (BM-MSCi) or femoral shaft (BM-MSCt), were analyzed in terms of cell number and colony-forming ability followed by differentiation potential of MSC into osteo-, chondro-, and adipogenic lineages as well as mRNA expression of a variety of cytokines and growth factors. Our studies showed that MSC isolated from the bone marrow of two different sources and cultured under appropriate conditions had similar characteristics and comparable propensity to differentiate into mesodermal cells. MSC derived from BM-MSCi or BM-MSCt expressed various growth factors. Interestingly, the expression of EGF, FGF, IGF, and PDGF-A was much higher in BM-MSCt than BM-MSCi. The results of our study demonstrate that human MSC isolated from the BM of the femoral shaft have similar biological characteristics as MSC derived from the iliac crest, suggesting the femoral shaft as a possible alternative source for mesenchymal stem/stromal cells.

中文翻译：

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源自人股骨干的骨髓作为间充质干/基质细胞的新来源：用于库和临床移植的另一种细胞材料。

间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）常用于再生医学。在不同的组织中，c骨骨髓（BM）代表了利用最多的来源，但其缺点是抽吸过程痛苦且细胞数量少。另一种可供研究的，易于获得的MSC来源将有利于再生医学的发展。这项工作旨在提出一种新的骨髓分离来源，其中在全髋关节置换术（THA）期间取股骨干。在初步实验中，测试了三种不同的细胞分离梯度方法（Ficoll-Paque 1.078 g / mL，17％蔗糖梯度，BM接种分数），涉及原代培养时间，初始细胞数，表型和形态。 MSC。然后，人类骨髓MSC来源于两个不同的来源，根据细胞数量和集落形成能力，然后分析MSC分化成骨，软骨和成脂谱系的潜力以及mRNA表达，分析c抽吸物（BM-MSCi）或股骨干（BM-MSCt）多种细胞因子和生长因子。我们的研究表明，从两种不同来源的骨髓中分离并在适当条件下培养的MSC具有相似的特性，并且具有分化为中胚层细胞的可比性。源自BM-MSCi或BM-MSCt的MSC表达多种生长因子。有趣的是，BM-MSCt中的EGF，FGF，IGF和PDGF-A的表达远高于BM-MSCi。我们的研究结果表明，从股骨干BM分离出的人MSC具有与源自的MSC相似的生物学特性，