Microgrid with integrated photo-voltaics (PV) and battery storage system (BSS) is a promising technology for future residential applications. Optimally sizing the PV system and BSS can maximise self-sufficiency, grid relief, and at the same time can be cost-effective by exploiting tariff incentives. To that end, this paper presents a comprehensive optimisation model for the sizing of PV, battery, and grid converter for a microgrid system considering multiple objectives like energy autonomy, power autonomy, payback period, and capital costs. The proposed approach involves developing a holistic techno-economic microgrid model based on variables like PV system power, azimuth angle, battery size, converter ratings, capital investment and electricity tariffs. The proposed method is applied to determine the optimum capacity of a PV system and BSS for two case residential load profiles in the Netherlands and Texas, US to investigate the effect of meteorological conditions on the relative size of PV and battery. Based on the optimisation results, thumb rules for optimal system sizing are derived to facilitate microgrid design engineers during the initial design phase.

中文翻译：

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基于技术经济模型的微电网光伏电池系统的最佳尺寸

集成了光伏（PV）和电池存储系统（BSS）的微电网是未来住宅应用中的一项有前途的技术。优化光伏系统和BSS的规模可以最大程度地实现自给自足，减轻电网负担，同时可以通过利用关税激励措施实现成本效益。为此，本文提出了一种综合优化模型，用于微电网系统的光伏，电池和电网转换器的尺寸确定，其中考虑了多个目标，例如能源自主权，电力自主权，投资回收期和资本成本。拟议的方法涉及根据诸如光伏系统功率，方位角，电池尺寸，变流器额定值，资本投资和电价等变量开发整体技术经济微电网模型。所提出的方法适用于确定荷兰和美国得克萨斯州两种情况下的住宅负荷曲线的光伏系统和BSS的最佳容量，以研究气象条件对光伏和电池相对尺寸的影响。根据优化结果，得出用于优化系统大小的经验法则，以在初始设计阶段方便微电网设计工程师。