Supercapacitor (SC), or electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC), technology has matured well during the past two decades into three commercial variations with capacitance values ranging between 1 and 50,000 F. Compared to electrolytic or film-type capacitors with the same canister size, they offer capacitance that is more than 1 million times larger, with a one to two order smaller equivalent series resistance (ESR). A smaller ESR means a very high current charge or discharge capability without excessive heating of the device. One major limitation is the lower dc voltage ratings of less than 5 V.

中文翻译：

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基于超级电容器的长时常数电路：新电力电子电路拓扑的独特设计机会

超级电容器 (SC) 或双电层电容器 (EDLC) 技术在过去 20 年中已经成熟为三种商业变体，其电容值范围在 1 到 50,000 F 之间。 与具有相同罐的电解或薄膜型电容器相比尺寸，它们提供的电容大 100 万倍，等效串联电阻 (ESR) 小一到两个数量级。较小的 ESR 意味着非常高的电流充电或放电能力，而不会导致设备过热。一个主要限制是低于 5 V 的较低直流电压额定值。