Background: Ineffective integration has been recognized as one of the major causes of early orthopedic failure of titanium-based implants. One strategy to address this problem is to develop modified titanium surfaces that promote osteoblast differentiation. This study explored titanium surfaces modified with TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) capable of localized drug delivery into bone and enhanced osteoblast cell differentiation.
Materials and Methods: Briefly, TiO2 NTs were subjected to anodic oxidation and loaded with Metformin, a widely used diabetes drug. To create surfaces with sustainable drug-eluting characteristics, TiO2 NTs were spin coated with a thin layer of chitosan. The surfaces were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle measurements. The surfaces were then exposed to mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells (MSCs) to evaluate cell adhesion, growth, differentiation, and morphology on the modified surfaces.
Results: A noticeable increase in drug release time (3 days vs 20 days) and a decrease in burst release characteristics (85% to 7%) was observed in coated samples as compared to uncoated samples, respectively. Chitosan-coated TiO2 NTs exhibited a considerable enhancement in cell adhesion, proliferation, and genetic expression of type I collagen, and alkaline phosphatase activity as compared to uncoated TiO2 NTs.
Conclusion: TiO2 NT surfaces with a chitosan coating are capable of delivering Metformin to a bone site over a sustained period of time with the potential to enhance MSCs cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation.



中文翻译：

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用于改善二甲双胍释放和成骨细胞分化的 TiO2 纳米管阵列的壳聚糖涂层。

背景：无效整合已被认为是钛基植入物早期骨科失败的主要原因之一。解决这个问题的一种策略是开发促进成骨细胞分化的改性钛表面。本研究探索了用 TiO2 纳米管 (TiO2 NTs) 修饰的钛表面，能够将药物局部输送到骨骼中并增强成骨细胞分化。
材料和方法：简而言之，对二氧化钛 NT 进行阳极氧化并装载二甲双胍，一种广泛使用的糖尿病药物。为了创造具有可持续药物洗脱特性的表面，TiO2 NT 被旋涂了一层薄薄的壳聚糖。通过扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和接触角测量对表面进行了表征。然后将表面暴露于间充质骨髓干细胞 (MSCs) 以评估修饰表面上的细胞粘附、生长、分化和形态。
结果：与未包衣样品相比，分别在包衣样品中观察到药物释放时间显着增加（3 天对 20 天）和突释特性降低（85% 至 7%）。与未涂层的 TiO2 NTs 相比，壳聚糖涂层的 TiO2 NTs 在细胞粘附、增殖和 I 型胶原的基因表达以及碱性磷酸酶活性方面表现出显着增强。
结论：具有壳聚糖涂层的 TiO2 NT 表面能够在持续的一段时间内将二甲双胍输送到骨骼部位，并具有增强 MSCs 细胞附着、增殖和分化的潜力。