This article investigates the feasibility of a plate-like flapping wing with varying geometric and boundary conditions actuated by surface-bonded piezoelectric material devices. The most influential structural parameters that vary dynamic response and heave–pitch mode coupling are investigated. An analytically and experimentally validated dynamic finite element model is developed to analyze the structure. A parametric analysis is conducted by varying critical geometric parameters and boundary conditions, such as aspect ratio, actuator position, actuator angle, clamp size, and position; substrate thickness variation; and substrate-to-actuator-thickness ratio. Response metrics representing heave and pitch motions are taken as longitudinal curvature and lateral slope, respectively—the surface regression analysis and results leading to these choices are presented. Maximum longitudinal curvature and lateral slope amplitudes and phase shifts are reported for key parameter choices. Longitudinal curvature to lateral slope coupling is achieved with the introduction of a leading edge stiffener to the otherwise uniform thickness plate. Conditions and parameters that lead to and influence heave–pitch coupling are presented and discussed in detail. This article presents a unique approach to flapping mode of flight compared to the literature. The article proposes a purely induced-strain actuation approach rather than the typical “mechanisms” based approach.

中文翻译：

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用于俯仰和垂荡耦合响应的诱导应变驱动的翼状板的参数模态分析

本文研究了由表面粘合压电材料器件驱动的具有不同几何和边界条件的板状扑翼的可行性。研究了影响动态响应和垂荡-俯仰模式耦合的最有影响的结构参数。开发了一个经过分析和实验验证的动态有限元模型来分析结构。通过改变关键几何参数和边界条件（例如纵横比、致动器位置、致动器角度、夹具尺寸和位置）来进行参数分析；基板厚度变化；和基板与执行器的厚度比。代表升沉和俯仰运动的响应度量被视为纵向曲率和横向斜率，分别——呈现了导致这些选择的表面回归分析和结果。报告了关键参数选择的最大纵向曲率和横向斜率幅度和相移。通过将前缘加强筋引入到其他均匀厚度的板中，可以实现纵向曲率与横向坡度的耦合。详细介绍并讨论了导致和影响升沉耦合的条件和参数。与文献相比，本文提出了一种独特的扑翼飞行模式方法。本文提出了一种纯粹的诱导应变驱动方法，而不是典型的基于“机制”的方法。通过将前缘加强筋引入到其他均匀厚度的板中，可以实现纵向曲率与横向坡度的耦合。详细介绍并讨论了导致和影响升沉耦合的条件和参数。与文献相比，本文提出了一种独特的扑翼飞行模式方法。这篇文章提出了一种纯粹的诱导应变驱动方法，而不是典型的基于“机制”的方法。通过将前缘加强筋引入到其他均匀厚度的板中，可以实现纵向曲率与横向坡度的耦合。详细介绍并讨论了导致和影响升沉耦合的条件和参数。与文献相比，本文提出了一种独特的扑翼飞行模式方法。这篇文章提出了一种纯粹的诱导应变驱动方法，而不是典型的基于“机制”的方法。