Assessing Contamination of Stream Networks near Shale Gas Development Using a New Geospatial Tool.,Environmental Science & Technology

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Assessing Contamination of Stream Networks near Shale Gas Development Using a New Geospatial Tool.
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06761
Amal Agarwal ₁ , Tao Wen ₂ , Alex Chen ₁ , Anna Yinqi Zhang ₁ , Xianzeng Niu ₂ , Xiang Zhan ₃ , Lingzhou Xue ₁ , Susan L Brantley _{2,

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Affiliation

Chemical spills in streams can impact ecosystem or human health. Typically, the public learns of spills from reports from industry, media, or government rather than monitoring data. For example, ∼1300 spills (76 ≥ 400 gallons or ∼1500 L) were reported from 2007 to 2014 by the regulator for natural gas wellpads in the Marcellus shale region of Pennsylvania (U.S.), a region of extensive drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Only one such incident of stream contamination in Pennsylvania has been documented with water quality data in peer-reviewed literature. This could indicate that spills (1) were small or contained on wellpads, (2) were diluted, biodegraded, or obscured by other contaminants, (3) were not detected because of sparse monitoring, or (4) were not detected because of the difficulties of inspecting data for complex stream networks. As a first step in addressing the last problem, we developed a geospatial-analysis tool, GeoNet, that analyzes stream networks to detect statistically significant changes between background and potentially impacted sites. GeoNet was used on data in the Water Quality Portal for the Pennsylvania Marcellus region. With the most stringent statistical tests, GeoNet detected 0.2% to 2% of the known contamination incidents (Na ± Cl) in streams. With denser sensor networks, tools like GeoNet could allow real-time detection of polluting events.

中文翻译：

使用新的地理空间工具评估页岩气开发附近的河网污染。

溪流中的化学物质泄漏会影响生态系统或人类健康。通常，公众从行业，媒体或政府的报告中了解泄漏情况，而不是监视数据。例如，2007年至2014年，美国宾夕法尼亚州马塞勒斯页岩地区（广泛钻探和水力压裂地区）的天然气井垫监管机构报告了约1300次泄漏（76≥400加仑或约1500升）。在同行评审的文献中，宾夕法尼亚州只有一次这样的水流污染事件记录在水质数据中。这可能表明泄漏物（1）很小或包含在井垫上；（2）被稀释，生物降解或被其他污染物遮盖；（3）由于监测稀疏而未检测到；或（4）由于泄漏而未检测到。检查复杂流网络数据的困难。作为解决最后一个问题的第一步，我们开发了一种地理空间分析工具GeoNet，该工具可以分析流网络以检测背景站点和潜在受影响站点之间的统计显着变化。GeoNet用于宾夕法尼亚州Marcellus地区的水质门户网站中的数据。通过最严格的统计测试，GeoNet在溪流中检测到0.2％至2％的已知污染事件（Na±Cl）。使用更密集的传感器网络，诸如GeoNet之类的工具可以允许实时检测污染事件。通过最严格的统计测试，GeoNet在溪流中检测到0.2％至2％的已知污染事件（Na±Cl）。使用更密集的传感器网络，诸如GeoNet之类的工具可以允许实时检测污染事件。通过最严格的统计测试，GeoNet在溪流中检测到0.2％至2％的已知污染事件（Na±Cl）。使用更密集的传感器网络，诸如GeoNet之类的工具可以允许实时检测污染事件。

更新日期：2020-07-21

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