We present a high-resolution, simple, and versatile system for imaging ultracold Rydberg atoms in optical lattices. The imaging objective is a single aspheric lens [with a working distance of 20.6 mm and a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.51] placed inside the vacuum chamber. Adopting a large-working-distance lens leaves room for electrodes and electrostatic shields to control electric fields around Rydberg atoms. With this setup, we achieve a Rayleigh resolution of 1.10 μm or 1.41λ (λ = 780 nm), limited by the NA of the aspheric lens. For systems of highly excited Rydberg states with blockade radii greater than a few μm, the resolution achieved is sufficient for studying many physical processes of interest.

中文翻译：

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在真空中使用非球面透镜物镜对光学晶格中的里德堡原子进行高分辨率成像

我们提出了一种高分辨率、简单且通用的系统，用于在光学晶格中对超冷里德堡原子进行成像。成像物镜是放置在真空室内的单个非球面透镜 [工作距离为 20.6 毫米，数值孔径 (NA) 为 0.51]。采用大工作距离镜头为电极和静电屏蔽留出了空间，以控制里德堡原子周围的电场。通过这种设置，我们实现了 1.10 μm 或 1.41λ (λ = 780 nm) 的瑞利分辨率，受非球面透镜 NA 的限制。对于阻塞半径大于几微米的高度激发的里德堡态系统，所达到的分辨率足以研究许多感兴趣的物理过程。