Both wind and solar irradiance are considered as variable sources of energy. The generated power is dependent on varying weather conditions. In this study, three indicators are introduced: generation power-to-storage day ratio, photovoltaic-to-wind energy ratio, and reliability improvement indicator. The values of the indicators are determined for 5701 points located in Europe. The results have been presented on charts illustrating statistics of the indicators as well as on maps. This study illustrates various aspects of the solar and the wind energy potential in the context of energy storage. The results show that for the majority of locations, the cost of 1 kWh of storage must be up to 3.2 times less than the cost of 1 kW of a photovoltaic system. Also, it should be up to six times less than the unit cost of the wind turbine system at 50 m in order to decrease the system cost, depending on the number of autonomy days. For most of the locations, the nominal power of the photovoltaic system should be significantly lower than the power of the wind turbine if the system is to meet the required reliability. If the reliability of the power supply has to be increased from 95% to 98%, the nominal power of the photovoltaic generator has to be increased, depending on the assumed days of autonomy, between 1.25 and 1.45 times and the power of the wind turbine at 50 m between 1.3 and 2 times for the greater number of locations.

中文翻译：

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中期储能背景下欧洲风能和光伏的潜力

风能和太阳辐照度都被认为是可变能源。产生的电力取决于不同的天气条件。本研究引入了三个指标：发电蓄电日比、光伏风能比和可靠性提升指标。指标值是针对位于欧洲的 5701 个点确定的。结果显示在说明指标统计数据的图表和地图上。本研究阐述了太阳能和风能在储能背景下潜力的各个方面。结果表明，对于大多数地点，1 kWh 存储的成本必须比光伏系统 1 kW 的成本低 3.2 倍。还，为了降低系统成本，它应该比 50 m 处风力涡轮机系统的单位成本少六倍，这取决于自主天数。对于大多数位置，如果系统要满足所需的可靠性，光伏系统的标称功率应显着低于风力涡轮机的功率。如果电源的可靠性必须从 95% 提高到 98%，则必须将光伏发电机的标称功率提高 1.25 至 1.45 倍，具体取决于假定的自主天数和风力涡轮机的功率对于更多的位置，在 50 m 之间为 1.3 到 2 倍。如果系统要满足所需的可靠性，光伏系统的标称功率应明显低于风力涡轮机的功率。如果电源的可靠性必须从 95% 提高到 98%，则必须将光伏发电机的标称功率提高 1.25 至 1.45 倍，具体取决于假定的自主天数和风力涡轮机的功率对于更多的位置，在 50 m 之间为 1.3 到 2 倍。如果系统要满足所需的可靠性，光伏系统的标称功率应明显低于风力涡轮机的功率。如果电源的可靠性必须从 95% 提高到 98%，则必须将光伏发电机的标称功率提高 1.25 至 1.45 倍，具体取决于假定的自主天数和风力涡轮机的功率对于更多的位置，在 50 m 之间为 1.3 到 2 倍。