Numerous studies focus on cancer therapy worldwide, and although many advances have been recorded, the complexity of the disease dictates thinking out of the box to confront it. This study reviews some of the currently available ionizing (IR) and non-ionizing radiation (NIR)-based treatment methods and explores their possible combinations that lead to synergistic, multimodal approaches with promising therapeutic outcomes. Traditional techniques, like radiotherapy (RT) show decent results, although they cannot spare 100% the healthy tissues neighboring with the cancer ones. Targeted therapies, such as proton and photodynamic therapy (PT and PDT, respectively) present adequate outcomes, even though each one has its own drawbacks. To overcome these limitations, the combination of therapeutic modalities has been proposed and has already been showing promising results. At the same time, the recent advances in nanotechnology in the form of nanoparticles enhance cancer therapy, making multimodal treatments worthy of exploring and studying. The combination of RT and PDT has reached the level of clinical trials and is showing promising results. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies of nanoparticles with PDT have also provided beneficial results concerning enhanced radiation treatments. In any case, novel and multimodal approaches have to be adopted to achieve personalized, enhanced and effective cancer treatment.

许多研究都集中在全世界的癌症治疗上，尽管已经记录了许多进展，但疾病的复杂性决定了应对这一问题的思路。这项研究回顾了一些当前可用的基于电离（IR）和基于非电离辐射（NIR）的治疗方法，并探讨了它们的可能组合，这些组合可导致协同，多峰方法，并带来可喜的治疗结果。传统技术，例如放射疗法（RT），显示出了不错的效果，尽管它们无法100％保留与癌组织相邻的健康组织。靶向疗法，例如质子和光动力疗法（分别为PT和PDT），尽管每个疗法都有其自身的弊端，但它们都能带来足够的效果。为了克服这些限制，已经提出了治疗方式的组合，并且已经显示出令人鼓舞的结果。同时，以纳米颗粒形式出现的纳米技术的最新进展增强了癌症治疗，使多模式治疗值得探索和研究。RT和PDT的结合已达到临床试验的水平，并显示出令人鼓舞的结果。此外，具有PDT的纳米颗粒的体外和体内研究也提供了有关增强放射治疗的有益结果。无论如何，必须采用新颖和多模式的方法来实现个性化，增强和有效的癌症治疗。RT和PDT的结合已达到临床试验的水平，并显示出令人鼓舞的结果。此外，具有PDT的纳米颗粒的体外和体内研究也提供了有关增强放射治疗的有益结果。无论如何，必须采用新颖和多模式的方法来实现个性化，增强和有效的癌症治疗。RT和PDT的结合已达到临床试验的水平，并显示出令人鼓舞的结果。而且，具有PDT的纳米颗粒的体外和体内研究也提供了有关增强放射治疗的有益结果。无论如何，必须采用新颖和多模式的方法来实现个性化，增强和有效的癌症治疗。