In fluorosis-endemic areas, exposure to high levels of fluoride causes neurotoxicity such as lowered intelligence and cognitive impairment. Oxidative damage is critical to pathophysiologic processes of fluoride intoxication, and neurotoxicity of fluoride may be associated with oxidative stress. In previous studies, maize purple plant pigment (MPPP), which was rich in anthocyanins, showed a strong scavenging activity in vitro and in vivo. The present study aimed to determine whether treatment with MPPP can alleviate fluoride-induced oxidative damage in rat brain. After 3 months of experiment, brain tissues were assayed for oxidative stress variables, histological and Western blotting examinations. Our results showed that MPPP reduced the elevated malondialdehyde levels, increased superoxide dismutase activity, and further attenuated histopathological alterations and mitigated neuronal apoptosis. Importantly, MPPP also reversed changes in Bax and Bcl-2. Therefore, it was speculated that MPPP protects brain tissue from fluoride toxicity through its antioxidant capacity.

中文翻译：

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玉米紫色植物色素对氟中毒大鼠脑氧化应激的保护作用

在氟中毒流行地区，暴露于高水平的氟化物会引起神经毒性，例如智力下降和认知障碍。氧化损伤对于氟化物中毒的病理生理过程至关重要，氟化物的神经毒性可能与氧化应激有关。在以前的研究中，富含花青素的玉米紫色植物色素（MPPP）在体外和体内均表现出强大的清除活性。。本研究旨在确定用MPPP进行的治疗是否可以减轻氟诱导的大鼠脑部氧化损伤。经过3个月的实验，对脑组织进行了氧化应激变量分析，组织学和Western印迹检查。我们的结果表明，MPPP降低了升高的丙二醛水平，增加了超氧化物歧化酶的活性，并进一步减弱了组织病理学改变并减轻了神经元凋亡。重要的是，MPPP还逆转了Bax和Bcl-2的变化。因此，据推测，MPPP通过其抗氧化能力保护脑组织免受氟化物毒性。