Abstract Research on the state and dynamics of the gene pool (an important natural resource that determines the potential fitness of living organisms and, ultimately, their long-term survival) becomes an important problem in the context of increased anthropogenic environmental impact. They are especially important for key species of ecosystems of a global scale importance. Larix sibirica Ledeb., which spreads from the Western Siberia to the Russian North-West, is one of such forest tree species. We identified patterns of genetic structure of populations on the example of the species’ Western race on the Middle and Northern Urals. The analysis of nucleotide polymorphism of genes of ABA-inducible protein, MADS-box-transcription factor and of 4-kumarat: CoA ligase (a part of the gene) was used as a method. Evidences were obtained that a part of the populations previously formed a single large population. At the same time, populations with different gene pools were found. As a result, differences between populations within the region were more pronounced (fixation index FST = -0.021 – 0.260, total haplotype diversity Hd = 0.636 – 0.911; nucleotide diversity π = 0.005 – 0.009; number of mutations θW = 0.005 – 0.012) than in other parts of the race. Causes of this phenomenon are discussed. It was concluded that the larch forests with a unique gene pool and/or high genetic diversity should be objects of population-oriented forestry and conservation.

中文翻译：

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Larix sibirica Ledeb ural 种群的遗传结构。基于核苷酸多态性分析

摘要 在人为环境影响增加的背景下，对基因库（决定生物体的潜在适应性并最终决定其长期生存的重要自然资源）的状态和动态的研究成为一个重要问题。它们对于具有全球重要性的生态系统的关键物种尤其重要。Larix sibirica Ledeb.，从西西伯利亚向俄罗斯西北部蔓延，就是这样的森林树种之一。我们以乌拉尔中部和北部的物种的西方人种为例，确定了种群的遗传结构模式。ABA诱导蛋白、MADS-box-转录因子和4-kumarat：CoA连接酶（基因的一部分）基因的核苷酸多态性分析被用作一种方法。获得的证据表明，部分种群以前形成了一个单一的大种群。同时，发现了具有不同基因库的种群。因此，区域内种群之间的差异（固定指数 FST = -0.021 – 0.260，总单倍型多样性 Hd = 0.636 – 0.911；核苷酸多样性 π = 0.005 – 0.009；突变数 θW = 0.012 – 0.012）更明显。在比赛的其他部分。讨论了这种现象的原因。结论是具有独特基因库和/或高遗传多样性的落叶松林应成为人口导向的林业和保护对象。区域内种群之间的差异更明显（固定指数 FST = -0.021 – 0.260，总单倍型多样性 Hd = 0.636 – 0.911；核苷酸多样性 π = 0.005 – 0.009；突变数量 θW = 0.005 – 0.012）比其他部分比赛。讨论了这种现象的原因。结论是具有独特基因库和/或高遗传多样性的落叶松林应成为人口导向的林业和保护对象。区域内种群之间的差异更明显（固定指数 FST = -0.021 – 0.260，总单倍型多样性 Hd = 0.636 – 0.911；核苷酸多样性 π = 0.005 – 0.009；突变数量 θW = 0.005 – 0.012）比其他部分比赛。讨论了这种现象的原因。结论是具有独特基因库和/或高遗传多样性的落叶松林应成为人口导向的林业和保护对象。