Abstract In this work, we show and discuss the surface structure picture of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films deposited from trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solvent onto silicon substrates at ambient conditions by four solution processing methods, namely drop-casting, dip-coating, spin-casting and spray-coating. The CuPc films were studied by AFM, as the main technique, and complemented by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Essentially, such thin films consist of CuPc molecular nanoribbons of a fixed ~1 nm thickness. CuPc molecules are arranged in an in-plane direction and formed in stacks under a defined tilt angle with respect to the substrate surface (monolayer) or underlying CuPc layer (multilayer). The film morphology takes various forms depending on the solution concentration, number of layers, and the deposition method. For instance, the morphology varies from very wide (~600 nm) but flat (~1 nm) ribbons for films prepared by dip-coating to crystallized rod-like features (multi-layered ribbons) when obtained by spray-coating. The factors studied in this paper should be taken into consideration in designing and controlling the criteria for rigorous CuPc film architecture.

中文翻译：

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通过溶液处理方法沉积的铜酞菁薄膜

摘要 在这项工作中，我们展示并讨论了在环境条件下通过四种溶液处理方法，即滴铸、浸涂、旋涂和喷涂。CuPc薄膜以原子力显微镜为主要技术，并辅以微拉曼光谱。本质上，这种薄膜由固定~1 nm 厚度的 CuPc 分子纳米带组成。CuPc 分子沿面内方向排列，并在相对于基板表面（单层）或下面的 CuPc 层（多层）的定义倾角下堆叠形成。薄膜形态根据溶液浓度、层数和沉积方法而采取各种形式。例如，形态从非常宽 (~600 nm) 但平坦 (~1 nm) 的带（用于通过浸涂制备的薄膜）到通过喷涂获得的结晶棒状特征（多层带）不等。在设计和控制严格的 CuPc 膜结构的标准时，应考虑本文中研究的因素。