SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences, Volume 13, Issue 1, Page 317-350, January 2020.
We study the problem of actively imaging a range-limited far-field scene using an antenna array. We describe how the range limit imposes structure in the measurements across multiple wavelengths. This structure allows us to introduce a novel trade-off: the number of spatial array measurements (i.e., beams that have to be formed) can be reduced to be significantly lower than the number array elements if the scene is illuminated with a broadband source. To take advantage of this trade-off, we use a small number of “generic” linear combinations of the array outputs, instead of the phase offsets used in conventional beamforming. We provide theoretical justification for the proposed trade-off without making any strong structural assumptions on the target scene (such as sparsity) except that it is range-limited. In proving our theoretical results, we take inspiration from the sketching literature. We also provide simulation results to establish the merit of the proposed signal acquisition strategy. Our proposed method results in a reduction in the number of required spatial measurements in an array imaging system and hence can directly impact their speed and cost of operation.

中文翻译：

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交易光束以实现带宽：使用随机波束成形成像

SIAM影像科学杂志，第13卷，第1期，第317-350页，2020年1月。
我们研究了使用天线阵列主动成像距离受限的远场场景的问题。我们描述了范围限制如何在跨多个波长的测量中施加结构。这种结构使我们可以引入一种新的折衷方法：如果用宽带光源照明场景，则可以将空间阵列测量（即必须形成的光束）的数量减少到明显低于阵列元素的数量。为了利用这种折衷，我们使用了阵列输出的少量“通用”线性组合，而不是传统波束成形中使用的相位偏移。我们为拟议的折衷提供了理论依据，但没有对目标场景进行任何强有力的结构性假设（例如稀疏性），除非它受到范围限制。为了证明我们的理论结果，我们从素描文学中汲取了灵感。我们还提供了仿真结果，以建立所提出的信号采集策略的优点。我们提出的方法可以减少阵列成像系统中所需空间测量的数量，因此可以直接影响其速度和操作成本。